TA的每日心情 | 慵懒 2018-6-25 21:54 |
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签到天数: 13 天 [LV.3]偶尔看看II
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发表于 2019-5-5 04:34:33
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本帖最后由 ~荆棘 于 2019-5-5 17:42 编辑
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4 e. ^, ?4 }+ I8 B(1)She had always dreamed of writing a novel, but she never actually put pen to paper. g# l- j5 j+ L. P, e& T+ A( ~
When we talk about finished events with words that mean 'at some/any time up to now' (like ever, before, never, yet, recently, lately, already), we normally use the present perfect.
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Have you ever seen a ghost?* d+ b' q; | w# Y; o* C* f! K: }5 O
& `: W/ S4 }0 ~9 ]% X) i' XI'm sure we've met before.
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4 q! t. N. f9 P7 d6 G$ M9 lWe haven't seen Beth recently.' a5 \, N+ r% Q( f, ^! f; j
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Could you clean the car? ~ I've already done it.5 X0 P/ |* o. n( [5 n
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She's never said 'sorry' in her life.0 K0 t* V* N+ f: ^
8 P0 @2 L# H& ]Has the postman come yet?& c6 b% P7 q7 f5 u4 b$ h
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5 U0 E. z5 I" {' m" W A8 qIn an informal style, simple past tenses are sometimes possible with always, ever and never when they refer to 'time up to now'.$ t/ L! D4 F. E7 ^ B- C
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I always knew I could trust you. (OR I've always known ... )* r$ X( }' B( q- ]4 W8 E( H
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Did you ever see anything like that before? (OR Have you ever seen ... ?)
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以上摘自Practical English Usage,供参考。
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; Y1 g* C# M6 |6 Y/ A0 K' w, `(2)The company has put production in a holding pattern [=has temporarily stopped production] while better testing methods are developed.
& q$ ~' i& ]+ ^8 W3 XSome verbs refer to actions that produce a finished result. Examples are cut, build, pack, close. Other verbs do not: for example push, live, speak, hit, carry. The past participles of finished-result verbs, and some of their passive tenses, can have two meanings. They can refer to the action, or they can describe the result (rather like adjectives). Compare:1 c0 B6 K3 Y- n. d3 u9 K4 T( X0 N! B) M
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The theatre was closed by the police on the orders of the mayor. (refers to the action of closing)! p7 U" r0 S) t- W0 A7 W
) d8 l: ]5 A! c6 q" JWhen I got there I found that the theatre was closed. (refers to the state of being shut - the result of the action)2 T% C$ a% y3 F; X
( ^- _* v) v8 j! x6 \2 N来源同上。则 be developed 不一定表示结果,也可以表示一个延续性的action,含义上和 being developed 差不多了。参考COCA例句一条:In Taiwan, the counseling profession has been developed for six decades and has evolved from its infant stage to become a certified and licensed profession. 这里的 be developed 显然也是过程而非结果。
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