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本帖最后由 klwo2 于 2019-11-4 23:18 编辑 0 r$ N" c% |, O* a, w
' c& v* Q1 U+ G* | M0 m童哥说单词:牛津词源全解:
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1 Y$ F' b4 q: d# sirony
$ W% V/ |% w$ G# `. }来自拉丁语ironia, 来自希腊语eiron, 装糊涂,假装无知,可能来自eirein, 说,言语,词源同verb, verbal。主要用于古希腊哲学家苏格拉底的哲学思想和辩证手法,苏格拉底在与人们辩论的时候,常常先承认自己的无知和对方观点的正确,然后通过举例来引起对方的思考并最终让对方承认自己的错误。
' X$ L2 S' z5 v: i% \* B按说童哥说单词不是什么特别入流的材料,可是居然比很多英汉词典讲得还正确哪!远东英汉:1 N4 u p" g1 C6 M7 E' Q
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苏格拉底在远东英汉笔下怎么变成算命的啦!再看英汉辞海:
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怎么这么心机婊啊!8 H+ W% g, t' D( o
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英汉辞海的蓝本是W3,我们一起看看Webster's Third New International Dictionary:+ n5 J0 Y% s! Q9 ^+ [9 V
, }( h, [, E1 Q. g. z, O a. : feigned ignorance designed to confound or provoke an antagonist : dissimulation — compare socratic irony
4 [* O% t8 {$ @+ u( A呵呵!原来confound 和provoke 都是多义词,这可坑坏了远东英汉、英汉辞海的译者,找不准意思啊!
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! K0 e& R% ]' |& ?1 ]: E7 ~Vocabulary.com , T+ V- z; r4 t) y6 l4 e
Socratic irony
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Socratic irony is when you pretend to be ignorant to expose the ignorance or inconsistency of someone else.9 r$ t7 ~# b" E Y% y: H8 E4 {2 a
Socrates was a famous Greek philosopher known for his probing questions. Irony is when a statement means the opposite of its literal meaning. That should help you remember that Socratic irony is a technique where the questioner admits (falsely) to not knowing something as a way of tricking the other person into revealing his own lack of knowledge or a flaw in his logic. Socratic irony involves pretending to be ignorant to show someone else is ignorant: thus, the irony.
+ n$ M6 l% N. m- kVocabulary.com 帮了我们一把,为什么「Socratic irony」要说irony呢,因为本来是苏格拉底自己假装不知道,结果反衬出是别人不知道。反着来,所以说irony
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Penguin English Dictionary:
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a pretence of ignorance in order to entice others into exposing their pretensions of knowledge through skilful questioning. & B8 |" `8 S4 G$ t2 |
企鹅的遣词也很厉害哟,对比鲜明。
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别的词典,尤其是英汉词典,就没有什么亮点啦。英汉大词典:7 E/ Z* a' _* h" u( y9 D: p) H
( t# n5 y: W/ `, |Socratic irony
- h! n* }; |; F# |+ U3 h苏格拉底式的佯作无知
. P3 |, G$ ~% p$ ]7 {$ |. \0 _然后呢?他佯作无知然后怎么啦?怎么irony了?读者一头雾水。
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0 N; Q$ b" L5 X9 s新牛津双解:
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* y6 E4 F7 U$ v1 A& pa pose of ignorance assumed in order to entice others into making statements that can then be challenged& T+ c( \: S. x! C3 a
苏格拉底式的佯作无知(为诱使他人发表随即可以予以批驳的言论)。
% P. w* J* R( P6 d& x请问新牛津译者,原文里哪有「随即可以批驳」这么吓人啊,人家说的明明是challenge啊!苏格拉底又不搞引蛇出洞的阳谋!6 H! q1 ~$ v& j4 U4 f6 x1 k7 B+ y
" s% x8 |4 ^7 \4 x蓝登书屋韦氏英汉大学词典:
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说真的,这个还行,只是仍然差临门一脚:苏格拉底佯作无知到底图个啥?) L3 A3 Z" y9 j+ Z
4 R! y5 n0 k" `# m6 I4 \2 I$ Q7 N三民英汉大词典:
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也是个没讲清楚的玩意 D* s0 Y8 C; L5 n5 c: {
+ K* L! |" F, ]' }3 K1 P译文版牛津英汉双解词典:
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0 a$ e- T" k9 B+ K) U% R: X这位干脆把原文里头的challenge吃了,至于「反诘法」……呃……不知道该说什么好,反正我估计读者是没明白的……1 k6 M3 e1 P1 P4 ~5 W
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