TA的每日心情 | 慵懒 2024-4-8 17:43 |
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签到天数: 1013 天 [LV.10]以坛为家III
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发表于 2018-3-29 18:46:42
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嗯,我和 @elusty 的看法是一样的——“那就成虚拟语气了”。# Y! s* U! P# R, _1 B* _" [
如果不把它理解成虚拟语气,我认为这个句子也完全说得通。我认为需要讨论一下 could 的用法。
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$ }: j! W, R K4 U: e5 h在这儿,could 纯粹地去表达“(used to say that something is possible or might happen)可以,可能”。. M4 |+ `0 l; {( Y6 @6 M
Most accidents in the home could be prevented. 大多数家庭意外事故都是可以避免的。[could 词条——《朗文 4》]- [5 ~ V- z9 [; ^
跟这句话:Most accidents in the home could have been prevented.. y# `" M( V" S( I n
我认为这两句话所表达意思上是相同的。
* m: ]6 q6 d _- r9 I3 I2 S$ r& W& B同样还是在 could 词条下,6 y/ N( Z+ D2 Y a1 c* t2 r! a- B
If you're not careful, you could get into even worse trouble. 如果你不当心的话,可能会陷入更大的麻烦。) e0 x$ W! J: M- h2 U1 K
当然,这句话是表达一个真实情形下的条件句。6 Z6 E, G1 }, W" \8 \8 ]& ]& x
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could have done 一定是表达虚拟语气吗?
1 t& \/ _" u% J: A" ?% P( yDon't worry—they could have just forgotten to call. 别担心,他们可能只是忘了打电话。[could 词条——《牛津 7》]
4 I1 B; \# }3 d9 G$ K6 q0 p' O同样,这儿也是推测过去的某种行动,来表示“可能”。$ [" Y. q0 M+ |& e, n
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Michael was a great boxer. He could have beaten all his opponents. This one is a bit incoherent. He had the skill to beat all his opponents, but he didn't beat them all or he didn't even have a chance to try. (It doesn't seem that he was so great.
* l+ ?. N' b1 G6 j4 H! t6 }# R关于这句话,作者的意思是 He could have beaten all his opponents 这句话是 incoherent; ambiguous。为什么这样说?你可以试着先翻译一下这句话。1 g; z: s, y u4 J
作者说它表达的可能是: l( ~' p* l( P. A) h6 S0 a
他有能力打败他的所有对手,但是却没有全打败他们,又或是他甚至没有机会上场。那么怎么说是“一名优秀的拳击手”呢?这就是 incoherent 的地方。
7 ^& e( b+ M$ E; p9 _/ F, {0 m1 ?而,如果直接写成 Michael was a great boxer. He could beat all his opponents. 那么它就等于... He was able to beat ... 又等于 He had the skill to beat ...# P% O- w5 x1 N8 p/ n
当然,这上面有点扯远了,只是帮 elusty 解释一下。3 e& r9 y3 x; t6 o
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. ]* V/ {" K$ I% w7 [8 n+ i% L另外,关于虚拟语气的争论其实有很多,《经济学人》先前就有一篇:* n- {' L2 C: y& A$ q2 R% c
Would that it were so simple | The strange tale of the subjunctive in English
4 K5 h* y, Y' [- I( D$ L& {8 N9 {$ U这应该就是 elusty 所说的“过去虚拟最好少用,生活中这样用的少,甚至有人不主张这种虚拟,有点儿过时了”。 |
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