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发表于 2016-9-12 23:27:11
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本帖最后由 Oeasy 于 2016-9-12 23:31 编辑 / L' V! ^! K0 f
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**远东英汉大辞典9 s( W9 a4 S. e& ]0 {& o* i) r+ k
abolish
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1. 废止；革除。
. M& Z. Z. k$ x: e/ BWe must abolish slavery. 我们应当废止奴隶制度。
) O$ Z/ _% W3 K5 z1 x9 ~' _If war could be abolished, armies and navies would be unnecessary. 如果战争可以废止，陆海军均将成为不必需的。
$ H, W, C- v, M% H2. 完全破坏（人，或事物）。
& b$ E |% W2 S0 z# L% }" W' T0 LA fog abolished the landscape. 大雾把风景破坏了。
9 ~! N2 a6 [) A" B-abolisher, n.' l# g: f# e, e
【注意】abolish, annihilate, extinguish 均指结束或灭除某件事物言。
; S% o6 M" b1 ?( H2 r1 q1 @abolish 仅用以指人为之且通常为长期存在的事物言，如法律，风俗习惯等:, n% O1 O0 @! \. ?
The principal abolished all secret societies. 那校长废除了所有的秘密社团。
F$ U W5 g' \) F, r$ Y) K0 o5 A% fannihilate 其使用范围较广，含武力之使用，且保留有其字面上之意义，指经不留已一痕一迹地扫除某事物或消除其殊异之性质或形式，以使之消失：6 p' Z( r% f! j2 u2 F9 Y
Three survivors told how the enemy annihilated the regiment. 三个生还者叙述敌人如何地消灭那一团。; ~! g; g4 `5 A4 [
extinguish 用以指可借压服性之武力或环境使之灭亡的事物或观念言：$ V% {( J% b9 D
You may extinguish a nation, but not the love of liberty. 你能灭亡一个国家，但却不能消灭人们对自由的爱好。
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0 ?4 s& X+ T& G' D1 b2 H- b4 @4 U6 n**国际英汉大辞典* n/ y( i' q! e e0 n2 \
abolish
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; x' C; V* b0 G+ b v+ u" B1. 废除（法律、习惯等）：* z" T0 f% J: c o) h. o# ]
abolish slavery 废除奴隶制度
4 @6 s* ~5 ^3 b% z) |abolish all exploiting systems 废除一切剥削制度。& J) z. d8 f( z% ~3 j
2. 完全破坏（人、事物等）：
S5 T* l9 D9 E& T* N& sA fog abolished the landscape. 大雾迷茫，把风景完全笼罩住了。+ B' p* ^" R; M8 ?/ \$ j
-abolisher, n.; ?% G9 {% W7 n+ v/ E7 B
【辨义】abolish, annihilate, exterminate, extinguish, eradicate, obliterate 这几个字都有“除去”的意思。$ y5 P! s$ K k# P8 J/ j6 f- @/ _
abolish 指“消除某种情况或规章等人为的事物”，如法律、习惯、制度等：
3 U! y+ N+ N* X; jThe college students voted to abolish all secret societies.: o1 Q6 ?& e6 i* O9 J) @/ r5 W: `
annihilate 一字用得较普遍，含有使用武力不留痕迹地去完全消除的意思：
' c$ U f9 h" q! s5 h: WThe survivors told how the enemy annihilated the regiment.
3 I/ V) h1 y M; v7 _$ C" k3 |exterminate 含有“用审慎的方法消灭”的意思，且多指大规模的扑灭：/ d9 `# s% Q8 r; e+ s
They exterminated insects by spraying with DDT.
& l x3 X+ Z E, i. o( M+ Vextinguish 一字比较正式，指用强大的力量消灭，其比喻的用法有“死”的意思：
' h0 B( d+ @* Bextinguish a fire
. K$ Z; R- O8 s& F# ~, m) u( b9 sYou may extinugish liberty, but not the love of liberty.( ^4 H1 r) k! n
eradicate 原指连根拔去，使其不再生长，故有根除，使……断根之意：" m7 W: K" _0 c1 v* R# h3 V# |6 M
The new vaccine eradicated all traces of the disease within three months.( F; h+ R8 k @! k
obliterate 亦指消灭得不留痕迹之意，惟多指事物而言：% |+ K h. ], O. ^ {: Q
The heavy rain obliterated all foot-prints.# ?; `$ h- s/ }; K+ d
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**英汉大词典 第 2 版) C. o1 e0 B6 N& O! } o
abolish
5 S0 I% }& y" y* g# k7 \9 h: a# B1. 彻底废除(法律、制度、习俗等);废止
% C" v. I3 X) _/ }6 Fabolish slavery 废除奴隶制
4 x, a' b. v+ T- M1 F% mabolish abuses of power 彻底铲除滥用权力的现象! R5 w8 L) n4 A7 v1 R
2. 完全破坏
9 ~1 D, l; L, F* U. K4 bA fog abolished the landscape. 大雾把山水景色笼罩了个严实。
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a|bol|ish «uh BOL ihsh», transitive verb.8 l4 F. n- p1 h: |/ O
1. to put an end to; do away with (a law, institution, or custom) completely: Many people wish that nations would abolish war. Slavery was abolished in the United States in 1865. SYNONYM(S): annul, stop, suppress.
l- O; A+ a2 V, \; r2. Obsolete. to destroy: Thus … shall the Bastille be abolished (Thomas Carlyle).
+ C m Q1 n4 Q[< French aboliss-, stem of abolir; fusion of Latin abolēre destroy, and abolēscere die out]
: @0 i8 c$ n) j4 K3 e. w2 u–a|bol′ish|a|ble, adjective.
$ v3 v+ f7 L8 @0 f4 ]& O. a–a|bol′ish|er, noun.: w0 j: _" k/ g% X) l9 z4 K0 U
–a|bol′ish|ment, noun.' S+ g* n# T4 Y5 L* _8 H! a
Synonym Study 1 Abolish, annihilate, extinguish mean to put an end to something. Abolish now usually applies to man-made things other than concrete objects, such as laws or customs, usually long in existence: 6 U- k* l! d5 o# ]
The college students voted to abolish all secret societies.
/ D! o) v) s4 r+ GAnnihilate, more general in application, suggests the use of force and retains its literal meaning of reducing to nothing or of destroying completely: 6 F2 Y: p6 T6 l0 Q3 r7 X) b
Three survivors told how the enemy annihilated the regiment.( ^) E1 V) I% h) `
Extinguish, a rather formal word in this sense, applies to things or ideas that die or are blotted out by overpowering force or circumstances:
4 m8 W5 E( V$ R- V1 q! x3 s+ s' HYou may extinguish liberty, but not the love of liberty.* ~5 W* _% N7 c5 J: }0 Z
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发表于 2016-9-12 12:06:26
