音标与实际发音不符@naked -ed？

吴二

naked中ed发音。美式发音，到底是 id 还是 əd？
' H$ Z! ?2 L, D" |$ t) v" ^/ A
Macmillan注的很清楚，
3 ^( S% D" g( i' D英式：

美式：
  l; k3 b9 [6 R6 ]6 i
- l# G. a+ F9 `7 h; U
5 M( l2 [% t6 H5 l' T所以，
MW:


* M7 m' ^" `3 J+ A  T; m2 FAHD的表音符号比较特殊：
  \8 Y, G: l0 O

# n+ E, u4 s, t( P( D6 o4 a
1 Z  ]5 L4 u- V( h) O; D/ ~9 C但恕我耳浊，听读音听不出来什么差异，感觉都是id。

, ~' m# Z9 D* D1 A! C) n然后有意思的来了，朗文的-ed读音，标注如下，但朗读和标注并不一致：

: e+ q  |; W& ~6 _9 C( H6 C+ @
不知道大家怎么看，美式的əd和英式的id有多大差别呢？

eatingfishes

This discussion on Reddit may shed some light on the question raised above.

1. https://www.reddit.com/r/linguistics/comments/45szna/the_suffix_ed_in_american_english_can_be/

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The current IPA key used in the English Wikipedia writes this reduced vowel that can be either [ɪ] or [ə] in shorthand as /ᵻ/ following the Oxford English Dictionary (e.g. needed /ˈniːdᵻd/, rested /ˈrɛstᵻd/).
...
There are some words where you would use /ᵻd/ for -ed even after consonants that are not /d/ or /t/, especially adjectives such as rugged /ˈrʌɡᵻd/ or naked /ˈneɪkᵻd/. In American English, [ə] tends to be higher and more like [ɪ] when it's next to /ɡ/ or /k/ (witness the eye-dialect spelling 'Linkin' for Lincoln), so in reality it would be difficult to decide if you're actually hearing [ˈrʌɡɪd] and [ˈneɪkɪd] or [ˈrʌɡəd] and [ˈneɪkəd] for these examples.

/ h( m& a1 U* }1 I% w; u