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本帖最后由 klwo2 于 2019-5-22 01:49 编辑 9 J# S3 g0 N, B3 B* F$ B( Y; ?
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「the end of the world」一语,按词典上的说法,指的是时间上的「世界末日」,新牛津:) j/ \2 D6 N4 n$ d# J
$ o5 c0 e# Q X/ F3 {! gthe end of the world
0 O9 z" ~! n- }6 Y1 the termination of life on the earth
0 v7 r) M3 s# U1 ^7 m- P世界末日。
. n7 Q4 N( w. ^" \, B- s0 @1.1 informal a complete disaster
! h+ F4 q; b2 ~: i# ], ]0 d3 Z〈非正式〉灭顶之灾:! h: t, y/ k4 t
it's not the end of the world if we draw./ m: j% g/ |* ?/ `' A! h7 {4 ~
即使我们打成平局也并不意味着世界末日的降临。 ' w* }* D: t4 m/ Y- d
Vocabulary.com:
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' f3 r: |, ~; {0 K" E$ }1n an unpleasant or disastrous destiny, V4 C2 d% C: B( V
that's unfortunate but it isn't the end of the world
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2n (New Testament) day at the end of time following Armageddon when God will decree the fates of all individual humans according to the good and evil of their earthly lives ~) P; H/ F* \- a
可见,一般不能理解成「世界的尽头」,除非有特定语境:- d! m% i: A0 R5 x( B: F, f
: i3 ]8 t- t1 ~3 xRandom House Webster's Unabridged:
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4. the furthermost imaginable place or point: an island at the very end of the world. 2 W1 a7 } L- O% f5 ^
这里very 还起了点作用。$ e ?$ n% M; H# h
6 r3 D& F& k0 V0 W3 i4 h7 Q; ?牛津高阶把end of the world 跟 end of the earth 排在一起:/ r v& t) c) Z7 X8 `
2 T" |2 G* E; n- l4 R* F8 X* {8 ^(not) the ,end of the `world 4 _ s3 F% W9 N0 o0 p# }3 K& B: e
(not) completely disastrous for sb 对某人(不)是天大的灾难:
+ ]; b! M, ]* k4 t, AYou must realize that failing one exam is not the end of the world. 你要明白, 一次不及格不是大不了的事.: p! d9 A$ I; M/ z0 @
(go to) the ,ends of the `earth
2 {& Q2 B& `! o Y(go to) the most remote parts of the world (去)天涯海角:
; q: q9 Z& j1 N( d(fig 比喻) I'd go to the ends of the earth to see her again. 哪怕走遍天涯海角, 我也要再次见到她. & O( C' A0 F$ _9 n/ F$ H
OED说:$ ]8 j/ X0 ]+ L) t2 _# A
, Y9 u4 Q! q: D8 D- U# }# m9 UThe extremity or outermost part (in any direction) of a portion of space, or of anything extended in space; utmost limit. Obs. in general sense; retained in phrase, the ends of the earth.
% }$ w3 j' B' ~$ D1 K! ^可见,ends of the earth 对应「天涯海角」,没错。是说英语的人认可的。end of the world 一般是「世界末日」,是众多辞书认可的。
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问题来了,「天涯」怎么办呢?49年以后的第一本中国大陆汉英词典,北外《汉英词典》开了一个不好的先河,拿end of the world 对应「天涯」,ends of the earth 对应「天涯海角」:. g% _+ @3 R# N
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* }7 P) V8 G! Y这么做的原因,我猜,大概是……「天」对应earth不太好?可是「海」也不对应earth呀。汉语里头,「天涯」「海角」「地角」本来都是一回事,为什么要用容易引起误会的「the end of the world」来翻呢?
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8 t l6 X1 F, F1 s" l: d《辞书研究》2000年第05期《莫把末日作天涯》就讲了这个问题,不宜把「the end of the world」的语境意义放到汉英词典里面
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( x- w& m" p/ H4 F* H不过我关心的是另一个问题,有哪些汉英词典 原封不动 地抄了这个处理方式呢?
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; x/ z& g) Q. S0 |0 O8 x8 u$ T, H首先,汉英词典(第3版)并没有改掉:
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天涯:end of the world; the remotest corner of the earth& K7 \" \# C+ p7 ~; I# D1 k
天涯海角:ends of the earth; remotest corners of the earth
$ i) z' D/ u( i吴光华《汉英大词典》(第3版):: F+ d; S1 Z* V
! D; {' G+ {1 j! J1 r# `* K$ i4 w0 l天涯:end of the world; the remotest corner of the earth( D& W: u9 p' @1 w
天涯海角:remotest corners of the earth; ends of the earth……(后面还有一堆) 0 u v' s. B: F% G; e9 F
新时代汉英大词典(第2版):: `3 a0 b# o7 v, p7 f" Y( ^2 Y; Y
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天涯:the end of the world; the remotest/farthest place on earth
# x% B/ d' w; M6 Z天涯海角:the end of the earth; the remotest/farthest corners of the earth ' J }+ R# x! Y+ \) O, _ G
新世纪汉英大词典(第2版):
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3 s$ k0 v% a/ N7 J5 {; P天涯:end of the world; the remotest corner of the earth
+ Y/ p; S3 t( @7 ~1 z( u% J天涯海角:far away places; remotest corners of the world; ends of the earth
3 e$ q1 U4 T6 [" F0 Y现代汉语词典(汉英双语):
. L. [- x$ g; Y6 E/ a' I/ L8 {天涯:end of the world; the remotest corner of the earth
$ v" Z4 K1 b/ b& h2 O% v天涯海角:ends of the earth; remotest corners of the earth; far apart % t: F1 J8 P2 m: [# e6 h& W# M8 O
% X/ g: }& ~# G我靠!!!不管我买哪本汉英词典,都跳不出这个坑吗!!哪怕是最最最——新新新——出版的新世纪新时代新未来新人类新纪元新……汉英词典都是陈陈相因这个德行吗!!
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偶尔有那么一两本是没有问题的:0 C7 Q1 \0 Y8 c. }; U# [+ w
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天涯
/ @# T; u% O4 `* c. [' m1 Ythe world’s end; the remotest corner of the earth% D' `' a1 p" j& i
~海角 the ends of the earth; the remotest corners of the earth 3 Y' f1 e4 e% a
world’s end 没有问题,可以表达「天涯海角」,新牛津:
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0 B* ]& G- Y9 v& {8 H5 h4 b; Hworld's end /ˌwəːldz ˈɛnd/' A+ S* Q0 }9 ^6 e. s" ~: R* |
(also worlds end, warlt's end)
U+ f. U9 G; }noun
" [! M% {0 ^$ L1 The end or destruction of the world or of life on earth, specifically the Day of Judgement. Occasionally attributive Compare world-end.
- S0 L7 L) G, r8 |to the world's end and variants: as long as human life shall last, until the end of time..
& n0 o4 G9 Q9 Q$ H4 Z6 ~+ X2 The farthest limit of the earth; (chiefly used hyperbolically, especially) the farthest attainable point of travel; (also) a very remote or out-of-the way place. Occasionally attributive Compare world-end, the ends (also end) of (the) earth.
9 Y8 b* E8 v7 K& xworld’s end 这个短语既能表达「世界末日」,又常常能表达「世界的尽头」。很完美。(新牛津这么好用,大家都去备一本啊!)1 r F3 I$ T3 w7 F2 h+ z7 J
* F0 ^ i. U; B4 L& J5 ~- |剩下的似乎只能靠「非中国大陆」的汉英词典了:0 c: B1 G! M9 |. G1 V
# f$ G4 {( h& p" L4 ?林语堂当代汉英词典:
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) S6 w. P7 S* q$ s3 C) i. K( B; K天涯 [tian1ya2], n., the limits of the earth: 天涯海角 the four corners of the earth. 8 @; d: b) ]& ^" O8 q, v% j' O& l
1912翟理斯華英字典:) t/ T5 o" q' V8 I. ~
% h4 m+ }/ L, K/ W% i9 `" z" Tthe horizons; the uttermost ends of the earth. 天涯 2 W8 j4 c$ j0 n2 u s6 i
麥氏漢英大辭典:
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天涯:the horizon. Z' I2 V# F( ?. [6 S
天涯地角:the ends of the earth 8 S$ b+ ?+ I2 z
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4 S) a! u- o' y7 DABC汉英:
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; Q4 s" o% b; x话说这几本的译文都不相同,跟上面那几个陈陈相因的大相径庭,可见上面的就是「抄袭了北外汉英词典」而已。
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" D, B; ^% S% Q3 J4 Q( T最后补说一下梁实秋的汉英词典。梁实秋最早的《最新实用汉英词典》只收了:5 B4 J& K. w' P$ a6 J6 f! W
( B1 `2 U$ v @1 j' i2 D: f8 e天边海角:the corners of the earth -- faraway or distant places0 m1 d$ a$ E- t7 f1 r
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天涯海角:faraway, distant or remote places
, R8 E! g/ j4 j& P3 y( c并没有收「天涯」这个词。
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8 b5 J; {0 r5 y2 h7 N7 i* z! D可是后来出版的《远东汉英大辞典》就有了「天涯」,出现了「the end of the world」!!8 Y& e$ i/ x' b R
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呵呵!!
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叫我想起这个:
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一九七一年台灣遠東圖書公司的《最新實用漢英詞典》,梁實秋主編……可惜一九九二年竟被《遠東漢英大詞典》取代。新詞典主編張芳杰,……說是據梁本「擴充」而成,照理應該很不錯,但所謂「擴充」,原來多是抄襲北京外國語學院的《漢英辭典》;不是抄襲的部分,則連文法都有錯誤,還把售價大幅提高,可謂狗尾續貂。 0 U6 l# G7 E) {8 r f! A9 j/ v4 |
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