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本帖最后由 klwo2 于 2019-11-4 23:18 编辑 , ^3 A% {' f, J
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童哥说单词:牛津词源全解:
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. _# U2 O1 E1 b, M! Mirony
5 u9 J4 v) T/ H8 h/ u# p7 ?$ U来自拉丁语ironia, 来自希腊语eiron, 装糊涂,假装无知,可能来自eirein, 说,言语,词源同verb, verbal。主要用于古希腊哲学家苏格拉底的哲学思想和辩证手法,苏格拉底在与人们辩论的时候,常常先承认自己的无知和对方观点的正确,然后通过举例来引起对方的思考并最终让对方承认自己的错误。 0 O) O5 P4 b7 s& o( t4 O
按说童哥说单词不是什么特别入流的材料,可是居然比很多英汉词典讲得还正确哪!远东英汉:
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5 n1 s( G6 p! O5 y. ^* G7 @苏格拉底在远东英汉笔下怎么变成算命的啦!再看英汉辞海:8 q' b6 q" p, g/ v! X* H
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2 H1 J9 A3 {7 W! }5 `怎么这么心机婊啊!
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% E) Z- z9 k+ a. e6 e+ K英汉辞海的蓝本是W3,我们一起看看Webster's Third New International Dictionary:
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a. : feigned ignorance designed to confound or provoke an antagonist : dissimulation — compare socratic irony & W9 e0 y# k, W$ a
呵呵!原来confound 和provoke 都是多义词,这可坑坏了远东英汉、英汉辞海的译者,找不准意思啊!
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; h6 H: {( I% l, m% ]- h/ BVocabulary.com
+ o. o4 x2 X" J; b$ \; Y0 ^Socratic irony: @* m( o" R* Z: i' z- L
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Socratic irony is when you pretend to be ignorant to expose the ignorance or inconsistency of someone else.1 r* {; T0 p0 r0 x. e
Socrates was a famous Greek philosopher known for his probing questions. Irony is when a statement means the opposite of its literal meaning. That should help you remember that Socratic irony is a technique where the questioner admits (falsely) to not knowing something as a way of tricking the other person into revealing his own lack of knowledge or a flaw in his logic. Socratic irony involves pretending to be ignorant to show someone else is ignorant: thus, the irony. ) ~% K m1 C7 T
Vocabulary.com 帮了我们一把,为什么「Socratic irony」要说irony呢,因为本来是苏格拉底自己假装不知道,结果反衬出是别人不知道。反着来,所以说irony7 e9 h9 N! g- m7 u
; P# S% R4 M9 b. {6 Y2 G0 |$ kPenguin English Dictionary:+ R1 y/ E6 W( H2 `" w! H. R4 g5 E
. t: A' L: K- V# t: L* h3 u8 La pretence of ignorance in order to entice others into exposing their pretensions of knowledge through skilful questioning.
% l8 Q" n0 `' F t; M1 x企鹅的遣词也很厉害哟,对比鲜明。
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别的词典,尤其是英汉词典,就没有什么亮点啦。英汉大词典:% O: o& v# Z! F/ F: G# B# V5 X
+ J0 r# r. f F7 H) v0 ?* B& GSocratic irony* B) x8 H' {9 s7 F' Q2 @# M
苏格拉底式的佯作无知
3 y( V- l1 D+ C6 G' [# v然后呢?他佯作无知然后怎么啦?怎么irony了?读者一头雾水。
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o- t& |4 U; R" Y. v新牛津双解:
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& _; L- ?* K5 c: _& R' ?/ Ea pose of ignorance assumed in order to entice others into making statements that can then be challenged9 \; F, N# H# I9 }, {9 J0 |, `
苏格拉底式的佯作无知(为诱使他人发表随即可以予以批驳的言论)。 ( }; b; Q. s' V
请问新牛津译者,原文里哪有「随即可以批驳」这么吓人啊,人家说的明明是challenge啊!苏格拉底又不搞引蛇出洞的阳谋!
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蓝登书屋韦氏英汉大学词典:, a: b1 D- u# P, y" [+ s( c7 K
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说真的,这个还行,只是仍然差临门一脚:苏格拉底佯作无知到底图个啥?: O5 w$ O5 w% Z6 [) W* w N6 X
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三民英汉大词典:6 I+ p8 \2 x3 @6 h; y
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也是个没讲清楚的玩意
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5 \- v8 W0 @) G" x3 x+ X5 a译文版牛津英汉双解词典:) {8 D8 G" m' R& `3 ^' W) J
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这位干脆把原文里头的challenge吃了,至于「反诘法」……呃……不知道该说什么好,反正我估计读者是没明白的……
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