朗文词典一些可能的不足，兼部分常用词典释义的简单对比

ackkk · 发表于 2023-5-15 01:16:09

注1：资源来自网络，未经纸质本校验。
注2：移动端不好编辑，所以排版有点糙。

1.关于单词recur

LDOCE5++ V2.15的解释是：
1.  if something, especially something bad or unpleasant, recurs, it happens again.
2.  if a number or numbers after a decimal point recur, they are repeated for ever in the same order.

而ODE Living Online：
1.  Occur again periodically or repeatedly.
1.1.  (of a thought, image, or memory) come back to one's mind.
1.2.  (recur to) Go back to (something) in thought or speech.

Collins COBUILD overhaul V2.30：
  If something recurs, it happens more than once.

韦氏（版本未知）：
to happen or appear again : to occur again
1
: to have recourse : resort
2
: to go back in thought or discourse
3
a : to come up again for consideration
b : to come again to mind
4
: to occur again after an interval: occur time after time

另外也查了麦克米伦，剑桥等，只有朗文解释为尤指不好、不愉快的事情，然而朗文自己的例句和语料库中该词的使用都有相当比例是不含感情色彩的。
此外，朗文比别家多了数学术语的解释，少了一些细项的解释，不过这些都可归并至主义项（除了韦氏recur1，这是古意），不解释基本也不影响对材料的大致理解。

2.单词bulk，n.

朗文（版本同上）：
1.  the bulk (of something)：the main or largest part of something.
2.  a big mass or shape of something.
3.  the size of something or someone.
4.  in bulk：if you buy goods in bulk, you buy large amounts each time you buy them.

牛津（同上）：
The mass or size of something large.
1.1  Large size or shape.
1.2  A large mass or shape.
1.3  Large in quantity.
1.4  Roughage in food.
1.5  Cargo in an unpackaged mass such as grain or oil.
1.6  The thickness of paper or a book.

2  the bulk of：The greater part of something.

柯林斯（同上）：
1.  You can refer to something's bulk when you want to emphasize that it is very large.
2.  You can refer to a large person's body or to their weight or size as their bulk .
3.  The bulk of something is most of it.
4.  If you buy or sell something in bulk, you buy or sell it in large quantities.

韦氏（同上）：
1
a : spatial dimension : magnitude
b : material that forms a mass in the intestine; especially : fiber 1d
2
a : body; especially : a large or corpulent human body
b : an organized structure especially when viewed primarily as a mass of material
c : a ponderous shapeless mass
3
the main or greater part

in bulk
1 not divided into parts or packaged in separate units
2 in large quantities

可以看到相比牛津和韦氏，朗文没有收录诸如散装货物，粗纤维之类相对冷僻的义项。

3.单词orbit，n.

朗文（同上）：
1.  the curved path travelled by an object which is moving around another much larger object such as the Earth, the Sun etc.
2.  the area of power and influence of a person, an organization etc.

牛津（同上）：
1.  The curved path of a celestial object or spacecraft round a star, planet, or moon, especially a periodic elliptical revolution.
1.1  One complete circuit round an orbited body.
1.2  The state of moving in an orbit.
1.3  The path of an electron round an atomic nucleus.

2.  An area of activity, interest, or influence.

3.  The cavity in the skull of a vertebrate that contains the eye; the eye socket.
3.1  The area round the eye of a bird or other animal.

柯林斯（同上）（注：2.为动词，故略）：
1.  An orbit is the curved path in space that is followed by an object going round and round a planet, moon, or star.
3.  The orbit of a particular person, group, or institution is the area over which they have influence.

韦氏：
orbit1
: the bony socket of the eye
orbit2
1
a : a path described by one body in its revolution about another (as by the earth about the sun or by an electron about an atomic nucleus);
also : one complete revolution of a body describing such a path
b : a circular path
2
: a range or sphere of activity or influence

类似的，orbit一词朗文同样未收录眼眶等生僻释义。
应当说，上述版本词典中，牛津和韦氏相对收义最广，两者释义风格也各具特色，而柯林斯和朗文则不以此见长，风格更偏于实用。

godad · 发表于 2023-5-15 18:55:22

白夜发表于 2023-5-15 16:36
# u- c0 I+ V7 \6 [2 sESL词典释义用词有限制的，必须是在几千个常用词之内，这给编写者带来了困难。
. Y$ G* ]7 W; S4 k; S- |2 c
# W5 Y2 X7 i7 k6 h2 f) _( g那个Cobuild最离谱，没if这 ...

是这么回事

正确用词典应该由牛津高阶第四版入门，然后COD8版，韦氏国际词典第三版终极。

绝大多数人朗文词典已经是终点了。

也算是学习英语的爬行阶段。

fydy01 · 发表于 2023-5-15 11:56:53

本帖最后由 fydy01 于 2023-5-15 12:01 编辑

1、学习型词典相比母语者词典，词条释义的义项一定会有很大缩水，一定不全。无论哪家词典，即便是牛津高阶也一样；
2、所有英系词典中，数牛津词典的词条释义最精准，最可靠。不过这也在情理之中，毕竟它家做词典的历史最长，底蕴最深厚；
3、美系词典中，以韦氏为最佳。至于牛津和韦氏哪个更好，本人未曾比较，也可能各有特色吧。

SAP · 发表于 2023-5-15 11:41:16

朗文的第一版，释义1。to happen again, or more than once. 例句：if the pain should recur, take this medicine. ///韦氏essential例句：the disease/problem might recur. a recurring injury/nightmare.
应该说现在版本的朗文解释也没啥毛病。我相信这些语言专家当然会很好的理解自己的母语。

白夜 · 发表于 2023-5-15 16:36:22

ESL词典释义用词有限制的，必须是在几千个常用词之内，这给编写者带来了困难。

那个Cobuild最离谱，没if这个词都开不了口。

oversky · 发表于 2023-5-16 11:08:39

辞典定位及目标客群不同，内容自然重点不同。
没有什么好不好，只有适不适合自己。

entropy · 发表于 2023-5-17 10:01:02

iWeb，与 recur 搭配的名词，按频次排序。
1079 3.06         problem
861 4.33         payment
793 4.75         cancer
612 4.94         symptom
602 4.79         theme
477 2.18         event
432 4.47         failure
427 3.20         treatment
422 4.95         infection
368 3.41         disease
318 5.88         tumor
311 2.19         condition

leyan · 发表于 2023-5-19 14:26:31

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janus183 · 发表于 2023-8-7 19:48:23

godad 发表于 2023-5-15 18:55( J! M1 E9 U7 j4 Z" l2 {. ]. w
是这么回事" U, i) w3 Q4 Z! ?- I# b
6 c1 e5 | W R9 S ?
正确用词典应该由牛津高阶第四版入门，然后COD8版，韦氏国际词典第三版终极。

为什么不是COD9？不是说9才最经典吗

godad · 发表于 2023-8-8 06:21:42

janus183 发表于 2023-8-7 19:48" I! n. K- }0 N
为什么不是COD9？不是说9才最经典吗

8,9 之间变化有点大

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[词典讨论] 朗文词典一些可能的不足，兼部分常用词典释义的简单对比