TA的每日心情 | 怒
2019-9-29 20:45 |
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签到天数: 37 天 [LV.5]常住居民I
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发表于 2019-9-8 10:37:28
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本帖最后由 张琴琴 于 2019-9-8 11:31 编辑 ; n) O( t7 h3 G2 @% b2 X
' l7 K0 I, U' E0 k1 H' [/ R+ l首先要指出的是，最能体现出英语思维的地方就是“时态”的运用。英语对时间表达的精确性远胜过中文，这种英语思维在汉语中的天然缺失，使得国人对英语时态的学习要么不够重视，置之不理，要么异常艰难。
: T6 l7 w% E* c" d再者，所有英语时态的讨论只能建立在具体的语境中，任何孤立的句子都是没有意义的，完成时更是如此。楼主能提出这样的问题，说明注意力已经开始关注起英语中比较微妙的地方。
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+ }5 P# x% p+ S H+ B7 s# U例:* l4 E: V1 \' A! H
A:This young man must be no more than 30 years old. But he looks weather-beaten and tough.
; d8 m2 _8 ^, p! s/ nB: Yeah. He was born to a family of sailors. He has travelled all over the world.
* @- c* ?/ c R, u这个对话中完成时的意义就是“他周游过全世界”。既不是正在周游，也不是近期在周游，而是表达出了一种已经走遍世界的结果，这一“成果”已经成了事实。
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. \) v# U+ B; @. x" Q例:
/ s' X' i# I8 s# ]A: Morning, fella! Where's your brother Mike? I haven't seen him for a while.
5 J1 c: E/ b% L, p- g. lB: Why, he is not at home. He has a long vacation every year. He is now travelling all over the world!
4 f/ N: @* y5 ^6 B- ]这里当然不能用完成时。这里的进行时显然表达了Mike正在环游世界的过程中。
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A:I found in Charlie's bookcase a number of curious gismos and souvenir badges, most of which seem to have been bought in foreign countries. What has he been doing since he graduated?
9 `! K7 h& ]3 K+ l, m. B! T! DB:Why, didn't you know that? He has been travelling all over the world!
! r3 P+ h; x5 H这里的现在完成进行时表达的是Charlie在从过去到现在的很长一段时间内，反复从事某个活动，即他这些年来反反复复的出国旅行。) p- L& z" Z. k( F( Q9 r' \) r2 D
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$ N) m4 T8 S T# ^" R( Y |9 EZheng He, the legendary voyager of China's Ming Dynasty, travelled all over the world before the age of Columbus., g& z. a) \9 c) z
这里只是个人物介绍，所以只用过去式。
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He takes his beloved dog Queenie with him every time he travels all over the world./ K K/ _% c' _/ `8 _ J
一般现在时不一定就是“发生在现在的事情”，其本质思维是用于不受时间限制的动作。比如这个例句是在说”他每次周游世界都带上狗“。这里没有以前，现在和将来的时间概念。6 g) m7 l) d" g; c
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