TA的每日心情 | 怒
2019-9-29 20:45 |
|---|
签到天数: 37 天 [LV.5]常住居民I
|
发表于 2019-9-8 10:37:28
|
显示全部楼层
本帖最后由 张琴琴 于 2019-9-8 11:31 编辑
9 c0 l. ^: d/ X! X
3 E: K) [! r7 _0 ~1 {首先要指出的是，最能体现出英语思维的地方就是“时态”的运用。英语对时间表达的精确性远胜过中文，这种英语思维在汉语中的天然缺失，使得国人对英语时态的学习要么不够重视，置之不理，要么异常艰难。
. x. T. E" ?9 Z再者，所有英语时态的讨论只能建立在具体的语境中，任何孤立的句子都是没有意义的，完成时更是如此。楼主能提出这样的问题，说明注意力已经开始关注起英语中比较微妙的地方。
/ b' i* y% c( z9 m Z/ m; ]: Q0 o E( s# m$ r6 \0 q5 p) n
例:. _! M" ?( K( \
A:This young man must be no more than 30 years old. But he looks weather-beaten and tough.7 N- f3 S0 v$ R/ g2 s$ j
B: Yeah. He was born to a family of sailors. He has travelled all over the world.- L$ |5 `" X* \# l
这个对话中完成时的意义就是“他周游过全世界”。既不是正在周游，也不是近期在周游，而是表达出了一种已经走遍世界的结果，这一“成果”已经成了事实。& `: a# r3 s9 T$ X9 R7 D& b: Z1 o
" I% R" ~) u0 |2 j例:
9 k0 g2 e2 o, G: ^% lA: Morning, fella! Where's your brother Mike? I haven't seen him for a while.: h, |0 j0 J7 m, I @3 Y
B: Why, he is not at home. He has a long vacation every year. He is now travelling all over the world!0 i# e" B8 R& ]' }! k
这里当然不能用完成时。这里的进行时显然表达了Mike正在环游世界的过程中。
' x4 I& J1 s3 Q- i6 m% y8 T8 s0 c# r- R
例:; [1 o5 f2 Z1 N+ `, {
A:I found in Charlie's bookcase a number of curious gismos and souvenir badges, most of which seem to have been bought in foreign countries. What has he been doing since he graduated?
) _$ D: ~0 m8 uB:Why, didn't you know that? He has been travelling all over the world!
* C l& h+ S" Q5 P5 W0 T, Z( { X这里的现在完成进行时表达的是Charlie在从过去到现在的很长一段时间内，反复从事某个活动，即他这些年来反反复复的出国旅行。! \. @8 d$ L q$ {4 p
, L ~) I0 o/ l. ?3 C
例:2 A, G9 B8 U2 C" I1 l9 B
Zheng He, the legendary voyager of China's Ming Dynasty, travelled all over the world before the age of Columbus." m, G7 x% z: m) i4 o
这里只是个人物介绍，所以只用过去式。
: ~2 P& c" {3 V
/ K3 d m" ~; o' `: s例:
' X1 P; ?* E5 GHe takes his beloved dog Queenie with him every time he travels all over the world.
5 G; U# N! ~+ F& P6 a一般现在时不一定就是“发生在现在的事情”，其本质思维是用于不受时间限制的动作。比如这个例句是在说”他每次周游世界都带上狗“。这里没有以前，现在和将来的时间概念。% k" \( V M! N" H8 I8 l1 i5 Z/ T
" S" @ j: K3 ^9 M j' g2 B
8 V4 f- q4 h( r* ^& _6 c! U: g
6 a- E$ l6 N* X- ]/ n3 P# t6 R3 ~+ W: z( n
, X5 @1 a' l" H( s
# ` V3 e* [# p. P ` |
|
楼主