TA的每日心情 | 怒
2019-9-29 20:45 |
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签到天数: 37 天 [LV.5]常住居民I
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发表于 2019-9-8 10:37:28
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本帖最后由 张琴琴 于 2019-9-8 11:31 编辑 5 {' y. L/ L, l4 Z- k
9 ?5 s7 i. F2 T1 v1 V; P首先要指出的是，最能体现出英语思维的地方就是“时态”的运用。英语对时间表达的精确性远胜过中文，这种英语思维在汉语中的天然缺失，使得国人对英语时态的学习要么不够重视，置之不理，要么异常艰难。
9 r* v& [" ?( ] g+ {* S$ w再者，所有英语时态的讨论只能建立在具体的语境中，任何孤立的句子都是没有意义的，完成时更是如此。楼主能提出这样的问题，说明注意力已经开始关注起英语中比较微妙的地方。# y+ u1 @, F0 S- {( X3 G, o7 \# o
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A:This young man must be no more than 30 years old. But he looks weather-beaten and tough.
7 B" @. W! D9 k, ]4 ~5 I4 L' dB: Yeah. He was born to a family of sailors. He has travelled all over the world.& y( P: W+ F+ K/ X
这个对话中完成时的意义就是“他周游过全世界”。既不是正在周游，也不是近期在周游，而是表达出了一种已经走遍世界的结果，这一“成果”已经成了事实。( a+ L4 W1 B: j) z
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A: Morning, fella! Where's your brother Mike? I haven't seen him for a while.5 o/ _7 l; G" |/ `/ q
B: Why, he is not at home. He has a long vacation every year. He is now travelling all over the world!
$ C0 r% }# U$ [/ r) t这里当然不能用完成时。这里的进行时显然表达了Mike正在环游世界的过程中。. L- z2 [: ?& K" r G8 o! v
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4 c; W( A/ r1 O4 sA:I found in Charlie's bookcase a number of curious gismos and souvenir badges, most of which seem to have been bought in foreign countries. What has he been doing since he graduated?7 a1 K- l( B: Z. ~' c
B:Why, didn't you know that? He has been travelling all over the world!
* {4 L: w6 Z+ s. `: ]2 {这里的现在完成进行时表达的是Charlie在从过去到现在的很长一段时间内，反复从事某个活动，即他这些年来反反复复的出国旅行。$ w( r, b( v! |
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Zheng He, the legendary voyager of China's Ming Dynasty, travelled all over the world before the age of Columbus.$ G1 r# M* Q$ \) N8 u! F# j
这里只是个人物介绍，所以只用过去式。
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He takes his beloved dog Queenie with him every time he travels all over the world.
% U, {" S1 p+ p+ S9 ~# y6 W一般现在时不一定就是“发生在现在的事情”，其本质思维是用于不受时间限制的动作。比如这个例句是在说”他每次周游世界都带上狗“。这里没有以前，现在和将来的时间概念。
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