TA的每日心情 | 怒
2019-9-29 20:45 |
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签到天数: 37 天 [LV.5]常住居民I
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发表于 2019-9-8 10:37:28
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本帖最后由 张琴琴 于 2019-9-8 11:31 编辑
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首先要指出的是，最能体现出英语思维的地方就是“时态”的运用。英语对时间表达的精确性远胜过中文，这种英语思维在汉语中的天然缺失，使得国人对英语时态的学习要么不够重视，置之不理，要么异常艰难。5 ] L% H" k5 R: b/ ~ Q) n5 s
再者，所有英语时态的讨论只能建立在具体的语境中，任何孤立的句子都是没有意义的，完成时更是如此。楼主能提出这样的问题，说明注意力已经开始关注起英语中比较微妙的地方。
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例:
8 J8 A& A+ V# I+ V. k: F' t" EA:This young man must be no more than 30 years old. But he looks weather-beaten and tough.$ W9 w8 J0 E' F: `
B: Yeah. He was born to a family of sailors. He has travelled all over the world.
! l9 M% C" U2 F+ R这个对话中完成时的意义就是“他周游过全世界”。既不是正在周游，也不是近期在周游，而是表达出了一种已经走遍世界的结果，这一“成果”已经成了事实。
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7 y6 u* q1 Q- w$ GA: Morning, fella! Where's your brother Mike? I haven't seen him for a while.6 i7 @3 `& o# C$ Q% R J, o6 P
B: Why, he is not at home. He has a long vacation every year. He is now travelling all over the world!
- H, F0 v2 K n2 q& U2 ^% m这里当然不能用完成时。这里的进行时显然表达了Mike正在环游世界的过程中。, D# j; T9 S2 |; w$ X2 |
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/ A1 ^4 O: T& `1 |6 c3 y* DA:I found in Charlie's bookcase a number of curious gismos and souvenir badges, most of which seem to have been bought in foreign countries. What has he been doing since he graduated?. B) ?, a/ M5 o) t" |! k
B:Why, didn't you know that? He has been travelling all over the world!
4 N4 C2 b A4 {, s L" e2 n5 L- Z3 |4 \这里的现在完成进行时表达的是Charlie在从过去到现在的很长一段时间内，反复从事某个活动，即他这些年来反反复复的出国旅行。% v: J7 y0 Q) l1 V8 B: a, Z4 p! n
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- ~, U/ U$ n6 [Zheng He, the legendary voyager of China's Ming Dynasty, travelled all over the world before the age of Columbus.) B4 ]# f* A1 h. X
这里只是个人物介绍，所以只用过去式。
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例:
8 F. V8 z" ^8 Z) K# l1 d- x: C& OHe takes his beloved dog Queenie with him every time he travels all over the world.
( H. |$ y* X, ]一般现在时不一定就是“发生在现在的事情”，其本质思维是用于不受时间限制的动作。比如这个例句是在说”他每次周游世界都带上狗“。这里没有以前，现在和将来的时间概念。
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