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本帖最后由 klwo2 于 2019-11-4 23:18 编辑 0 ]' h, }: K" }8 `! P8 b6 F
" g4 ^6 R7 T" C6 j1 f童哥说单词:牛津词源全解:
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irony. T8 z* H. q L6 i
来自拉丁语ironia, 来自希腊语eiron, 装糊涂,假装无知,可能来自eirein, 说,言语,词源同verb, verbal。主要用于古希腊哲学家苏格拉底的哲学思想和辩证手法,苏格拉底在与人们辩论的时候,常常先承认自己的无知和对方观点的正确,然后通过举例来引起对方的思考并最终让对方承认自己的错误。 1 _: R8 v3 O5 @2 ?2 f
按说童哥说单词不是什么特别入流的材料,可是居然比很多英汉词典讲得还正确哪!远东英汉:' k2 J% x" l7 G/ w9 L
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6 [& x$ p" A! I0 U9 S) Q苏格拉底在远东英汉笔下怎么变成算命的啦!再看英汉辞海:
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$ Q/ k" `5 R/ Y怎么这么心机婊啊!/ X: o0 U4 J+ |5 t, B. S
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英汉辞海的蓝本是W3,我们一起看看Webster's Third New International Dictionary:
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& m, I" g3 N. ~* }) Z( J# d a. : feigned ignorance designed to confound or provoke an antagonist : dissimulation — compare socratic irony
" M1 ]6 Z: _0 X+ B }8 u2 x呵呵!原来confound 和provoke 都是多义词,这可坑坏了远东英汉、英汉辞海的译者,找不准意思啊!
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Vocabulary.com % d6 }! h' U1 U
Socratic irony, w! S6 ?% ^+ E* S& {
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0 ]2 K% X) i% l- L9 Y4 L+ sSocratic irony is when you pretend to be ignorant to expose the ignorance or inconsistency of someone else.
" D. [" R- g$ {8 i; m5 z7 RSocrates was a famous Greek philosopher known for his probing questions. Irony is when a statement means the opposite of its literal meaning. That should help you remember that Socratic irony is a technique where the questioner admits (falsely) to not knowing something as a way of tricking the other person into revealing his own lack of knowledge or a flaw in his logic. Socratic irony involves pretending to be ignorant to show someone else is ignorant: thus, the irony.
+ o2 U; ~- U5 v9 LVocabulary.com 帮了我们一把,为什么「Socratic irony」要说irony呢,因为本来是苏格拉底自己假装不知道,结果反衬出是别人不知道。反着来,所以说irony
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Penguin English Dictionary:
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0 {$ |* P, ^/ r! s) `3 B" g: ua pretence of ignorance in order to entice others into exposing their pretensions of knowledge through skilful questioning. ; l. b- a* I& g3 ?7 i: f
企鹅的遣词也很厉害哟,对比鲜明。
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别的词典,尤其是英汉词典,就没有什么亮点啦。英汉大词典:% ]: ~5 `1 A8 n( _* M) J
. s% o$ ^6 V0 k+ _$ H ~Socratic irony8 a9 o/ I9 G% I( l
苏格拉底式的佯作无知
7 B' K" M; @! M然后呢?他佯作无知然后怎么啦?怎么irony了?读者一头雾水。
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, l L4 O- K R! }! l新牛津双解:
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a pose of ignorance assumed in order to entice others into making statements that can then be challenged
1 q8 h0 }% ]/ h5 X+ q2 a苏格拉底式的佯作无知(为诱使他人发表随即可以予以批驳的言论)。 ; U! e0 c- s) i j0 Y* ~1 d
请问新牛津译者,原文里哪有「随即可以批驳」这么吓人啊,人家说的明明是challenge啊!苏格拉底又不搞引蛇出洞的阳谋!
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1 o$ ^1 C4 Q9 o! o蓝登书屋韦氏英汉大学词典:3 b6 t( g7 r% \( D% j+ `
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说真的,这个还行,只是仍然差临门一脚:苏格拉底佯作无知到底图个啥?) N+ Y. Q, n0 K2 l
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三民英汉大词典:
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& ?$ j- G9 w6 Q6 d也是个没讲清楚的玩意
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译文版牛津英汉双解词典:
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这位干脆把原文里头的challenge吃了,至于「反诘法」……呃……不知道该说什么好,反正我估计读者是没明白的……
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