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本帖最后由 klwo2 于 2019-11-4 23:18 编辑 1 f2 h+ X" T3 j+ }
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童哥说单词:牛津词源全解:
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irony/ r1 x m$ g' r6 U
来自拉丁语ironia, 来自希腊语eiron, 装糊涂,假装无知,可能来自eirein, 说,言语,词源同verb, verbal。主要用于古希腊哲学家苏格拉底的哲学思想和辩证手法,苏格拉底在与人们辩论的时候,常常先承认自己的无知和对方观点的正确,然后通过举例来引起对方的思考并最终让对方承认自己的错误。 & k2 z. u. z& O; v
按说童哥说单词不是什么特别入流的材料,可是居然比很多英汉词典讲得还正确哪!远东英汉:# d! O0 G% Z4 Z1 I& e5 w
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苏格拉底在远东英汉笔下怎么变成算命的啦!再看英汉辞海:
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& I" q( Z3 d8 s" i% L怎么这么心机婊啊!
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: p& x- R U+ c英汉辞海的蓝本是W3,我们一起看看Webster's Third New International Dictionary:
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a. : feigned ignorance designed to confound or provoke an antagonist : dissimulation — compare socratic irony % t9 l% o a) Y' \) @
呵呵!原来confound 和provoke 都是多义词,这可坑坏了远东英汉、英汉辞海的译者,找不准意思啊!
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Socratic irony
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0 [% L. {- x0 k1 |) R! cSocratic irony is when you pretend to be ignorant to expose the ignorance or inconsistency of someone else." F+ o: {; z9 ?+ l6 `5 {3 F# h& |
Socrates was a famous Greek philosopher known for his probing questions. Irony is when a statement means the opposite of its literal meaning. That should help you remember that Socratic irony is a technique where the questioner admits (falsely) to not knowing something as a way of tricking the other person into revealing his own lack of knowledge or a flaw in his logic. Socratic irony involves pretending to be ignorant to show someone else is ignorant: thus, the irony.
2 q+ w& b2 B% ?+ F. H2 i& ?Vocabulary.com 帮了我们一把,为什么「Socratic irony」要说irony呢,因为本来是苏格拉底自己假装不知道,结果反衬出是别人不知道。反着来,所以说irony
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- }' x* W$ U. E4 s. |( O+ hPenguin English Dictionary:
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a pretence of ignorance in order to entice others into exposing their pretensions of knowledge through skilful questioning.
4 d$ |6 m) o$ j# {1 F3 P" y企鹅的遣词也很厉害哟,对比鲜明。
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/ U8 Z1 B( G% A别的词典,尤其是英汉词典,就没有什么亮点啦。英汉大词典:
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' c! _8 L1 m% |6 ^8 p8 B% d4 w! pSocratic irony
: @4 F3 F! q) o& V7 X! f s3 j* a' O苏格拉底式的佯作无知
: R6 ^1 y C% o# k2 }然后呢?他佯作无知然后怎么啦?怎么irony了?读者一头雾水。# D, F o' k/ j2 \
- k/ m ~7 a6 Y* V2 U新牛津双解:/ X# N, f$ @ t8 U- G
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a pose of ignorance assumed in order to entice others into making statements that can then be challenged
4 Z" P O7 E, M- }, a; A6 {+ G% R3 ?苏格拉底式的佯作无知(为诱使他人发表随即可以予以批驳的言论)。
9 @8 g1 l7 ?' q; N; Z1 i请问新牛津译者,原文里哪有「随即可以批驳」这么吓人啊,人家说的明明是challenge啊!苏格拉底又不搞引蛇出洞的阳谋!
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& p9 s% g3 w! ]( p3 w蓝登书屋韦氏英汉大学词典:) `; v2 C% c8 _8 }/ h7 T; u9 u
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) ^9 z7 ?. l! i, K6 s [, w5 ]/ b说真的,这个还行,只是仍然差临门一脚:苏格拉底佯作无知到底图个啥?
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三民英汉大词典:( i% \8 K0 X+ L* d% P
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也是个没讲清楚的玩意2 G' h% {$ t ~, D6 l4 m
: H: R# F- i. c- S% x' H( l译文版牛津英汉双解词典:) F( q& c1 S" o" G, _) Q
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这位干脆把原文里头的challenge吃了,至于「反诘法」……呃……不知道该说什么好,反正我估计读者是没明白的……
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