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本帖最后由 klwo2 于 2019-11-4 23:18 编辑
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童哥说单词:牛津词源全解:) F2 j+ Z' P! G4 r
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irony
+ |3 G) [3 W4 Z0 I& G来自拉丁语ironia, 来自希腊语eiron, 装糊涂,假装无知,可能来自eirein, 说,言语,词源同verb, verbal。主要用于古希腊哲学家苏格拉底的哲学思想和辩证手法,苏格拉底在与人们辩论的时候,常常先承认自己的无知和对方观点的正确,然后通过举例来引起对方的思考并最终让对方承认自己的错误。
! v1 C1 I( @. w+ [5 U& ~按说童哥说单词不是什么特别入流的材料,可是居然比很多英汉词典讲得还正确哪!远东英汉:
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; A3 n4 @& v' s) {9 G' f苏格拉底在远东英汉笔下怎么变成算命的啦!再看英汉辞海:& l7 M! W* L) U8 g0 X6 C0 ~
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怎么这么心机婊啊!
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英汉辞海的蓝本是W3,我们一起看看Webster's Third New International Dictionary:8 v2 A1 v' s- }7 }$ \2 {
) y! r7 x" {4 ~: p9 ?" [& |- s a. : feigned ignorance designed to confound or provoke an antagonist : dissimulation — compare socratic irony ; {4 p0 h5 Q0 y. P& k7 x7 ]
呵呵!原来confound 和provoke 都是多义词,这可坑坏了远东英汉、英汉辞海的译者,找不准意思啊!# {; u! z- Y! G" z$ I
/ ?9 o/ G# c u% I, HVocabulary.com
0 H0 U/ @. I- U9 _% r2 `Socratic irony) U( g( n0 P1 B
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1 p5 ^1 X% d0 t' M0 i& e2 y YSocratic irony is when you pretend to be ignorant to expose the ignorance or inconsistency of someone else.8 Z2 g6 q' T( d8 }' U8 o4 p2 n5 L
Socrates was a famous Greek philosopher known for his probing questions. Irony is when a statement means the opposite of its literal meaning. That should help you remember that Socratic irony is a technique where the questioner admits (falsely) to not knowing something as a way of tricking the other person into revealing his own lack of knowledge or a flaw in his logic. Socratic irony involves pretending to be ignorant to show someone else is ignorant: thus, the irony. / ]9 S8 c& C; {
Vocabulary.com 帮了我们一把,为什么「Socratic irony」要说irony呢,因为本来是苏格拉底自己假装不知道,结果反衬出是别人不知道。反着来,所以说irony3 f% c! i3 A6 N" O! u( K7 c& e
, n9 M# T; W: l5 gPenguin English Dictionary:5 m- r; \9 F: O4 Z* Q- r- l( F
4 l V5 E+ [: M1 sa pretence of ignorance in order to entice others into exposing their pretensions of knowledge through skilful questioning.
! W( l4 n" f1 m4 o+ F7 M4 k8 d企鹅的遣词也很厉害哟,对比鲜明。
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别的词典,尤其是英汉词典,就没有什么亮点啦。英汉大词典:
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Socratic irony
$ a1 J1 {5 {$ C5 b" R苏格拉底式的佯作无知
! o2 h+ z, r) r @7 M然后呢?他佯作无知然后怎么啦?怎么irony了?读者一头雾水。
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新牛津双解:' f# A2 m; f! B% R1 n
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a pose of ignorance assumed in order to entice others into making statements that can then be challenged
% {; c. Y* K6 b% _: P, Z& i苏格拉底式的佯作无知(为诱使他人发表随即可以予以批驳的言论)。
4 q: l' x. c* T请问新牛津译者,原文里哪有「随即可以批驳」这么吓人啊,人家说的明明是challenge啊!苏格拉底又不搞引蛇出洞的阳谋!3 V6 s( ~7 Q9 {2 @& D% Y) [
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蓝登书屋韦氏英汉大学词典:
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说真的,这个还行,只是仍然差临门一脚:苏格拉底佯作无知到底图个啥?" E. e3 Y' j( d7 ^
4 o- x. P0 ?% D/ s三民英汉大词典:1 _" u- Q& a9 y2 T" a
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也是个没讲清楚的玩意
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译文版牛津英汉双解词典:
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这位干脆把原文里头的challenge吃了,至于「反诘法」……呃……不知道该说什么好,反正我估计读者是没明白的……) a z: S7 f7 M& q0 P! P" V
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