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本帖最后由 klwo2 于 2019-11-4 23:18 编辑
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童哥说单词:牛津词源全解:: \ u0 Z; Y" Q3 M
" b! F3 V7 \1 o4 ]# F$ yirony2 y* q. Y {! p( E1 f i
来自拉丁语ironia, 来自希腊语eiron, 装糊涂,假装无知,可能来自eirein, 说,言语,词源同verb, verbal。主要用于古希腊哲学家苏格拉底的哲学思想和辩证手法,苏格拉底在与人们辩论的时候,常常先承认自己的无知和对方观点的正确,然后通过举例来引起对方的思考并最终让对方承认自己的错误。 - H9 ?. o* ~) D. S8 O1 {9 U% f
按说童哥说单词不是什么特别入流的材料,可是居然比很多英汉词典讲得还正确哪!远东英汉:
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$ |- t$ W8 V# ^1 r+ j) @0 c$ b0 ?苏格拉底在远东英汉笔下怎么变成算命的啦!再看英汉辞海:
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+ u) M4 Q7 o% G h% \9 T# R怎么这么心机婊啊!
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# \0 N- `. X, ~$ F9 X% A英汉辞海的蓝本是W3,我们一起看看Webster's Third New International Dictionary:& f% q: ?3 z: W* }
8 }- D% U# ~' q, m a. : feigned ignorance designed to confound or provoke an antagonist : dissimulation — compare socratic irony 0 B6 X' B3 k5 ^6 v2 T7 o7 B
呵呵!原来confound 和provoke 都是多义词,这可坑坏了远东英汉、英汉辞海的译者,找不准意思啊!' S/ n* H. s1 e7 s O7 ]) G9 g
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Vocabulary.com ; |; L6 q _. K3 R
Socratic irony
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Socratic irony is when you pretend to be ignorant to expose the ignorance or inconsistency of someone else.
" i7 T/ R. }" V- x3 M. |Socrates was a famous Greek philosopher known for his probing questions. Irony is when a statement means the opposite of its literal meaning. That should help you remember that Socratic irony is a technique where the questioner admits (falsely) to not knowing something as a way of tricking the other person into revealing his own lack of knowledge or a flaw in his logic. Socratic irony involves pretending to be ignorant to show someone else is ignorant: thus, the irony. G* P' r1 |" u2 t
Vocabulary.com 帮了我们一把,为什么「Socratic irony」要说irony呢,因为本来是苏格拉底自己假装不知道,结果反衬出是别人不知道。反着来,所以说irony/ q3 I6 k9 ` P( Z2 D
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Penguin English Dictionary:
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4 \% J g9 F+ R. a# Z: r$ ra pretence of ignorance in order to entice others into exposing their pretensions of knowledge through skilful questioning. 8 m4 X* ]: j6 k* R9 N
企鹅的遣词也很厉害哟,对比鲜明。, I' I4 E2 ^, ?1 J
2 r+ ?- D" d5 V$ H1 M3 s0 D别的词典,尤其是英汉词典,就没有什么亮点啦。英汉大词典:
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$ {8 d7 O: z# M9 I8 k+ @% I8 HSocratic irony
' L: w, |6 a+ J5 j苏格拉底式的佯作无知
. s7 w! A% R# c' G然后呢?他佯作无知然后怎么啦?怎么irony了?读者一头雾水。, _0 u m: D3 Y5 h: [
2 P% R- O8 R" A p3 P新牛津双解:. B/ P& W$ y( q) _' M
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a pose of ignorance assumed in order to entice others into making statements that can then be challenged. }" s3 ~$ I1 _) t* L" r7 Y
苏格拉底式的佯作无知(为诱使他人发表随即可以予以批驳的言论)。 - t# e$ v0 Y: B! E# q8 l
请问新牛津译者,原文里哪有「随即可以批驳」这么吓人啊,人家说的明明是challenge啊!苏格拉底又不搞引蛇出洞的阳谋!) k" {" }; n$ w, U) t* u
: M2 b1 g9 [& y蓝登书屋韦氏英汉大学词典:
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* f! R+ m: I3 ^7 ]+ `6 O说真的,这个还行,只是仍然差临门一脚:苏格拉底佯作无知到底图个啥?3 ]- S/ }& E1 g7 |9 g. D
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三民英汉大词典:
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* t; ^8 d W8 s. F2 B也是个没讲清楚的玩意
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译文版牛津英汉双解词典:
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/ N- U% L5 C( C/ c1 x这位干脆把原文里头的challenge吃了,至于「反诘法」……呃……不知道该说什么好,反正我估计读者是没明白的……
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