ethnicity@英汉词典

elusty

今天查race和ethnicity的区别，基本是说，race是先天不可改变的；ethnicity是指种族特点和种族从属身份，后天可以改变或由个体认同决定。
下面的资料：
# _* k: l# G/ t+ N5 ^& W8 Bhttp://www.pbs.org/race/000_About/002_04-experts-03-02.htm
While race and ethnicity share an ideology of common ancestry, they differ in several ways. First of all, race is primarily unitary. You can only have one race, while you can claim multiple ethnic affiliations. You can identify ethnically as Irish and Polish, but you have to be essentially either black or white. The fundamental difference is that race is socially imposed and hierarchical. There is an inequality built into the system. Furthermore, you have no control over your race; it's how you're perceived by others. For example, I have a friend who was born in Korea to Korean parents, but as an infant, she was adopted by an Italian family in Italy. Ethnically, she feels Italian: she eats Italian food, she speaks Italian, she knows Italian history and culture. She knows nothing about Korean history and culture. But when she comes to the United States, she's treated racially as Asian.
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0 ?% d- }/ P; T: |% A  ?http://www.diffen.com/difference/Ethnicity_vs_Race
' s: K) N/ n& d' A* A' hThe traditional definition of race and ethnicity is related to biological and sociological factors respectively. Race refers to a person's physical characteristics, such as bone structure and skin, hair, or eye color. Ethnicity, however, refers to cultural factors, including nationality, regional culture, ancestry, and language. An example of race is brown, white, or black skin (all from various parts of the world), while an example of ethnicity is German or Spanish ancestry (regardless of race).
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  Y$ I8 Y' I$ v+ y/ |# K再查词典，看哪个解释的到位：
Collins新世纪英汉大词典：
8 _0 Z) q% w, F9 C* T1 q8 pEthnicity：种族身份；种族划分；种族隶属。

《外研社新英汉词典》
( k) I7 |; F3 t. h" ^, tethnicity:民族性；民族群体；种族的多样性

译文社《英汉大词典》
ethnicity: 种族地位；种族特点；种族渊源
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3 Z) h" p1 J( ^- Y4 r3 cOALD8双解：
ethnicity: the fact of belonging to a particular race 种族渊源；种族特点

, I( v* [; H5 l# {AHD：
  V1 W! R1 l& c# @, K6 o; Jethnicity:
* `' G5 q! N3 o5 F1. Ethnic character, background, or affiliation.
2. An ethnic group.
5 q( Y, `3 v. a# L* O& S2 l' r2 a2 {结论：
8 _* t- e! v1 G: _9 s' O从 belonging to，ethnic affiliation这个解释看，Collins新世纪，既给出了“种族身份”，又给出了“种族从属”，解释最到位。