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发表于 2017-11-1 03:09:19
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渔夫和妖怪 发表于 2017-10-27 10:43
; W; B- V$ {' R5 eIt’s thought that there is as much as 10 times the amount of gas in methane hydrates than in shale ...
$ f9 Z+ u6 R5 b1 Q( O- m) m之前写回复的时候想着讨论下面的内容的来的,后来忘记了,这里再来讨论一下。9 T) |1 s7 w% G# D8 g/ @
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“渔夫和妖怪”典友在9楼的讨论中提出了相反的意见,认为原句是正确的,并且提出COCA语料库上的用例来作为证据。# |. V2 A! o; g. D
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我推测“渔夫”网友是没有仔细看我前面的回复,或者是因为认为 ...times... than... 这个结构是正确的,而据此认为原句是正确的。& a$ w, U5 f1 @3 A; i; D% [& c/ L
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我前面的回复中谈到了,我和前面提到的“质疑者” 认为原句有问题,不是对其中的 as...as...结构 和 比较级 + than 结构有疑问(后者之前忘记讨论了),而是因为其把这种两种结构组合在一起,并且没有安排好整体的结构。现在发现这种看法仍然有讨论的必要。
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as much as 和 比较级 + than 这两种结构都是常用的比较结构。现在来谈谈后一种结构。5 Z6 i5 G1 W$ X& x# Z5 T
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一、as...as... 结构结构既可以表示数量的相等,3 B- c; y5 a7 d; y: N m+ N+ L; I
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This book is as thick as that one.
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也可以表示倍数关系 (乘法):
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; ~- [7 b) C) v4 M- S& XThis book is three times as thick as that one. - t6 I6 w2 R3 f3 v# w
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(= This book is three times the thickness of that one. )0 y6 r( B/ V2 w9 D: Y6 V* T# i" g
8 h! _% d) Q" u, o8 g( = 【spoken, nonstandard】 This book is three times thicker than that one).
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也可以与个别**语连用,表示加法:- \. @6 I6 N, R7 j% `& f+ p; G
& m; U! t0 W" l8 _9 [ s- R4 e! G+ BMy ticket costs half again as much as your ticket. / `) C: w, B8 B% g
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二、用于数量比较时,than一般用于表示不等的关系,因此长与比较级连用:% U' V$ H* D. E. O
8 b+ R( m3 G2 T; Q& |- rThis book is thciker than that one.
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% U, M* p" \. b0 Q: `This book is a third thicker than that one(加法). e9 ?( O1 R9 \5 A
4 |" X- R9 y# B$ Q+ a, y如上所述,表示倍数的用法是不规范的(尽管很常见),具体讨论见下。
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但是,由于类推的作用,在**(尤其是美式**)中出现了用than代替as(表示不等关系)的用法:
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three times as much as (conj.)... < three times as much than (conj.)...% j3 U8 `3 T/ d) }/ q* e
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According to ** for Good, an organization that advocates for sustainable ** construction, a ton of bricks requires <four times the amount of energy> to produce <as> a ton of sawn soft**; concrete requires five times, steel 24 times, and aluminum 126 times.
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5 g$ M$ G: v) V9 D) P& pThose people on Prime also happen to spend< three times the amount> < as> regular Amazon shoppers.' E* u, G, ^! s5 K2 o* Z B
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以上两例用的是AS,均出现于美国媒体。- l1 F7 c& h5 T& C+ {; o
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But by one estimate, that's five times the amount -- five times less the amount than was bet online9 ?4 n) C" U* m1 N, a
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In fact, independent studies have looked at our respective plans and have concluded that I provide three times the amount of tax relief to middle-class families than Senator McCain does.
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以上两例用的是 than, 都出自美国总统精选电视辩论。可见,尽管这种用法是不规范的,但是已经相当程度上被接受了。( Q4 y; m* j' W' _7 \4 x
* Q6 O8 U9 T+ c( uBut by one estimate, that's five times the amount -- five times less the amount than was bet online." `! d/ Z; y8 |; Y( E2 t7 B
+ d# v& H/ x) N0 E$ {这一句用的也是than,同样出自美国媒体。) L1 W( h! \& k* j, V& N" P) G
5 u! _, L. N1 j" ]5 `5 ?【顺便说一下,和 times (more) than... 一样,times less than... 也是不规范的用法,而且这种用法很糟糕,尽管并非罕见。相似的,汉语中“A比B少几倍”也是不被认可的用法,(“少”与“倍”意思互相冲突),也是并不罕见的错误用法】。1 T6 L; x4 C/ \
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至此,我们基本上可以得出这么个结论:times...as... than (应为as) 是不规范的用法,但是已经在相当程度上被接受了。7 [4 u* j) w$ h
! L( s2 P$ s8 I由此看来,引出讨论的那个原句,问题也正是在这里。 |
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