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发表于 2017-11-1 03:09:19
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渔夫和妖怪 发表于 2017-10-27 10:43
" S% x. @, k }4 s1 d) CIt’s thought that there is as much as 10 times the amount of gas in methane hydrates than in shale ...
/ I8 ]( O( i, F) ^2 U% ?5 c之前写回复的时候想着讨论下面的内容的来的,后来忘记了,这里再来讨论一下。& C) W3 x- X% o- b
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“渔夫和妖怪”典友在9楼的讨论中提出了相反的意见,认为原句是正确的,并且提出COCA语料库上的用例来作为证据。2 P/ M9 q: s6 L5 r- V* X+ C
8 \: p( ]' a4 K2 J# n我推测“渔夫”网友是没有仔细看我前面的回复,或者是因为认为 ...times... than... 这个结构是正确的,而据此认为原句是正确的。6 F) H3 b; s( J
2 B6 H% a% Z/ i) N4 O) F2 E我前面的回复中谈到了,我和前面提到的“质疑者” 认为原句有问题,不是对其中的 as...as...结构 和 比较级 + than 结构有疑问(后者之前忘记讨论了),而是因为其把这种两种结构组合在一起,并且没有安排好整体的结构。现在发现这种看法仍然有讨论的必要。) F3 j# t: F5 \' D# t0 F
/ H5 ~: k$ R$ ^# K3 Q% I1 ~as much as 和 比较级 + than 这两种结构都是常用的比较结构。现在来谈谈后一种结构。8 f! D& K2 Y+ D
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一、as...as... 结构结构既可以表示数量的相等,6 F4 [, |$ Y0 w7 G5 j" c
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This book is as thick as that one.+ }9 f3 _ I! L! h* V7 V7 E
1 u1 v) H2 ^6 [- p5 T# D" J2 ?也可以表示倍数关系 (乘法):" [- A: m! F9 v
- p1 K; D# v2 e& Z/ |$ Z5 CThis book is three times as thick as that one.
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(= This book is three times the thickness of that one. )
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( = 【spoken, nonstandard】 This book is three times thicker than that one).
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也可以与个别**语连用,表示加法:
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7 Y4 E# n$ G( ^7 Y. CMy ticket costs half again as much as your ticket. " A, f+ S2 H% w; H/ g
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二、用于数量比较时,than一般用于表示不等的关系,因此长与比较级连用:2 X# ^9 _$ s7 k' G% `( G, J
# X V" A8 O" a$ f1 p' L) @This book is thciker than that one.
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This book is a third thicker than that one(加法).' y6 E8 z; e/ z' Z |
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如上所述,表示倍数的用法是不规范的(尽管很常见),具体讨论见下。; ~# ?' H& ?% S4 j3 ^7 {: s
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但是,由于类推的作用,在**(尤其是美式**)中出现了用than代替as(表示不等关系)的用法:) q; x: v7 S/ W: G# |& J" C E! z) p
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three times as much as (conj.)... < three times as much than (conj.)...
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3 c& R3 a5 h& a. N, l( zAccording to ** for Good, an organization that advocates for sustainable ** construction, a ton of bricks requires <four times the amount of energy> to produce <as> a ton of sawn soft**; concrete requires five times, steel 24 times, and aluminum 126 times.
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Those people on Prime also happen to spend< three times the amount> < as> regular Amazon shoppers. B+ R$ P* l$ e t
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以上两例用的是AS,均出现于美国媒体。
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But by one estimate, that's five times the amount -- five times less the amount than was bet online
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6 y- H4 m9 {' g' {! f9 j$ t: E$ PIn fact, independent studies have looked at our respective plans and have concluded that I provide three times the amount of tax relief to middle-class families than Senator McCain does.) z% B) e% E3 f& e9 J$ w- ^0 Z
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以上两例用的是 than, 都出自美国总统精选电视辩论。可见,尽管这种用法是不规范的,但是已经相当程度上被接受了。
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, H& Y; }5 I# T% w9 ~% bBut by one estimate, that's five times the amount -- five times less the amount than was bet online.6 ?/ d0 P6 ~! q: Y6 |! C7 k, B3 T
- V1 F7 Q; f0 N) I; m这一句用的也是than,同样出自美国媒体。
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. m, N( J2 r' N) Z$ e: ?: z0 K【顺便说一下,和 times (more) than... 一样,times less than... 也是不规范的用法,而且这种用法很糟糕,尽管并非罕见。相似的,汉语中“A比B少几倍”也是不被认可的用法,(“少”与“倍”意思互相冲突),也是并不罕见的错误用法】。3 s! t* ]; Z* ~2 y, g$ c
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至此,我们基本上可以得出这么个结论:times...as... than (应为as) 是不规范的用法,但是已经在相当程度上被接受了。1 _) ], V: i# F. B
, f$ j9 x0 @# S( N9 \由此看来,引出讨论的那个原句,问题也正是在这里。 |
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