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发表于 2017-11-1 03:09:19
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渔夫和妖怪 发表于 2017-10-27 10:43$ K* w( [, o6 d. I+ E$ u2 c
It’s thought that there is as much as 10 times the amount of gas in methane hydrates than in shale ... . O, d9 z; h$ `& f9 c* F
之前写回复的时候想着讨论下面的内容的来的,后来忘记了,这里再来讨论一下。
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* \9 R1 w6 s% ~8 \ D! L“渔夫和妖怪”典友在9楼的讨论中提出了相反的意见,认为原句是正确的,并且提出COCA语料库上的用例来作为证据。
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我推测“渔夫”网友是没有仔细看我前面的回复,或者是因为认为 ...times... than... 这个结构是正确的,而据此认为原句是正确的。# m# h! a' ?; ~! q0 G1 L7 f
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我前面的回复中谈到了,我和前面提到的“质疑者” 认为原句有问题,不是对其中的 as...as...结构 和 比较级 + than 结构有疑问(后者之前忘记讨论了),而是因为其把这种两种结构组合在一起,并且没有安排好整体的结构。现在发现这种看法仍然有讨论的必要。1 \: Z2 m6 m% D8 n
0 m# |$ O+ _" ?as much as 和 比较级 + than 这两种结构都是常用的比较结构。现在来谈谈后一种结构。* T6 c1 l, t+ P. n T1 {- U) j- }
. r, s1 p% B) I一、as...as... 结构结构既可以表示数量的相等,
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$ o, e4 G/ E1 DThis book is as thick as that one.8 \* g( ~) I; ~3 k) ~" E: J
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也可以表示倍数关系 (乘法):
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+ {" W: T1 b3 n+ E5 z! q/ @This book is three times as thick as that one. 2 ~. y+ |& D5 K+ Y( T
! ]( H& j* Z5 e1 ?2 V(= This book is three times the thickness of that one. )
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$ x- C! \7 q) g5 m! A( = 【spoken, nonstandard】 This book is three times thicker than that one). 1 n# r) `( c% n3 }
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也可以与个别**语连用,表示加法:+ B/ j- l% P2 n! z( ]+ W) M E
, j8 E9 ~5 N6 J" ^7 S( w1 pMy ticket costs half again as much as your ticket. 0 Y, V) l: {) Y; X9 Y8 X% ~ m
" n- r2 Y- b1 a9 s) z二、用于数量比较时,than一般用于表示不等的关系,因此长与比较级连用:# V; |) U4 a3 |) \" C4 ^- C
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This book is thciker than that one.
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This book is a third thicker than that one(加法).& F: K' q! K4 s
/ J. _$ N- y9 `8 A5 a如上所述,表示倍数的用法是不规范的(尽管很常见),具体讨论见下。
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8 q5 u$ @: t, \' D- ~/ U6 d但是,由于类推的作用,在**(尤其是美式**)中出现了用than代替as(表示不等关系)的用法:6 t( {$ P2 T% K. @5 A2 l
$ Y$ Q6 A- C* P2 k5 fthree times as much as (conj.)... < three times as much than (conj.)..., _* {, D1 ?8 u7 m0 M, }! w* R& Y1 P8 X
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According to ** for Good, an organization that advocates for sustainable ** construction, a ton of bricks requires <four times the amount of energy> to produce <as> a ton of sawn soft**; concrete requires five times, steel 24 times, and aluminum 126 times.
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Those people on Prime also happen to spend< three times the amount> < as> regular Amazon shoppers.% m$ `3 _, ~% K/ g$ B
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以上两例用的是AS,均出现于美国媒体。
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But by one estimate, that's five times the amount -- five times less the amount than was bet online5 M$ d7 v( j2 o' V5 {- B) j; P
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( q4 Z; I$ R- d' r3 fIn fact, independent studies have looked at our respective plans and have concluded that I provide three times the amount of tax relief to middle-class families than Senator McCain does.
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以上两例用的是 than, 都出自美国总统精选电视辩论。可见,尽管这种用法是不规范的,但是已经相当程度上被接受了。
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" s R i0 N1 M4 C. ?) O" xBut by one estimate, that's five times the amount -- five times less the amount than was bet online.
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0 J+ X6 R2 V; x/ \" y: G$ @' u这一句用的也是than,同样出自美国媒体。' F$ }; e' Z: j* {
- J- ?6 E$ ]: F) o' ~【顺便说一下,和 times (more) than... 一样,times less than... 也是不规范的用法,而且这种用法很糟糕,尽管并非罕见。相似的,汉语中“A比B少几倍”也是不被认可的用法,(“少”与“倍”意思互相冲突),也是并不罕见的错误用法】。
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+ x! i- U1 u o$ a0 s% y至此,我们基本上可以得出这么个结论:times...as... than (应为as) 是不规范的用法,但是已经在相当程度上被接受了。
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由此看来,引出讨论的那个原句,问题也正是在这里。 |
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