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发表于 2017-11-1 03:09:19
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渔夫和妖怪 发表于 2017-10-27 10:43, n. e0 T5 B. R2 z; M. z% f: [
It’s thought that there is as much as 10 times the amount of gas in methane hydrates than in shale ...
. V) |* K7 w) c( I9 {之前写回复的时候想着讨论下面的内容的来的,后来忘记了,这里再来讨论一下。! F$ B: L! [0 Q8 c
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“渔夫和妖怪”典友在9楼的讨论中提出了相反的意见,认为原句是正确的,并且提出COCA语料库上的用例来作为证据。
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我推测“渔夫”网友是没有仔细看我前面的回复,或者是因为认为 ...times... than... 这个结构是正确的,而据此认为原句是正确的。3 v* A& c$ g* w
& Z3 v' ]# X+ D. e: D4 {我前面的回复中谈到了,我和前面提到的“质疑者” 认为原句有问题,不是对其中的 as...as...结构 和 比较级 + than 结构有疑问(后者之前忘记讨论了),而是因为其把这种两种结构组合在一起,并且没有安排好整体的结构。现在发现这种看法仍然有讨论的必要。 B$ H* ]6 |* ?9 T
* R4 ^' y# Y' _% Q/ oas much as 和 比较级 + than 这两种结构都是常用的比较结构。现在来谈谈后一种结构。6 L5 G$ p; A9 F3 s. O& D# J
( V9 \- P, _: P# A" }2 e一、as...as... 结构结构既可以表示数量的相等,
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This book is as thick as that one.
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& D- ?7 e- T) H6 k% @也可以表示倍数关系 (乘法):
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This book is three times as thick as that one.
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(= This book is three times the thickness of that one. )
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( = 【spoken, nonstandard】 This book is three times thicker than that one).
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也可以与个别**语连用,表示加法:
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$ N& Y) R# O+ |0 L$ C6 l" F* Y' fMy ticket costs half again as much as your ticket. 6 n/ m% l# T1 f( K4 j2 _
9 G m: R% u1 [6 j( ]二、用于数量比较时,than一般用于表示不等的关系,因此长与比较级连用:
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- z/ G- x' c! v" I" @, I6 BThis book is thciker than that one.$ h, ^; T, S9 U; E0 c& w
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This book is a third thicker than that one(加法).
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$ o9 T. Y/ m( H; M( X, C- F如上所述,表示倍数的用法是不规范的(尽管很常见),具体讨论见下。& G2 Y L3 g2 M/ o% Z* P; L5 P
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但是,由于类推的作用,在**(尤其是美式**)中出现了用than代替as(表示不等关系)的用法:
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- B8 o# B/ `7 f) O+ V- cthree times as much as (conj.)... < three times as much than (conj.)...1 e- u5 C# s; ]8 i! F
- g# U' O- t' B0 z/ k0 }. kAccording to ** for Good, an organization that advocates for sustainable ** construction, a ton of bricks requires <four times the amount of energy> to produce <as> a ton of sawn soft**; concrete requires five times, steel 24 times, and aluminum 126 times.1 l- e& D- b9 c3 ^# m" a6 ` A. O
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Those people on Prime also happen to spend< three times the amount> < as> regular Amazon shoppers.
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以上两例用的是AS,均出现于美国媒体。" t1 S) @% o3 J7 V/ w3 Z4 q/ j0 T3 I
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But by one estimate, that's five times the amount -- five times less the amount than was bet online5 S5 w" Q7 K( F( B+ L( c! n
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7 B4 w |! m/ e8 YIn fact, independent studies have looked at our respective plans and have concluded that I provide three times the amount of tax relief to middle-class families than Senator McCain does.. H# X- ~" g4 g2 b0 ?0 S/ I
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以上两例用的是 than, 都出自美国总统精选电视辩论。可见,尽管这种用法是不规范的,但是已经相当程度上被接受了。9 s2 G6 w' r" ` w4 c6 ~
y2 g7 o9 g# Q$ w2 VBut by one estimate, that's five times the amount -- five times less the amount than was bet online.
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这一句用的也是than,同样出自美国媒体。. e+ j/ p I8 \( R
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【顺便说一下,和 times (more) than... 一样,times less than... 也是不规范的用法,而且这种用法很糟糕,尽管并非罕见。相似的,汉语中“A比B少几倍”也是不被认可的用法,(“少”与“倍”意思互相冲突),也是并不罕见的错误用法】。
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) Z [6 p8 q- V; W) H至此,我们基本上可以得出这么个结论:times...as... than (应为as) 是不规范的用法,但是已经在相当程度上被接受了。" H; p! r/ O! P# ?, P- ~
0 U6 Q) v7 s+ e2 U由此看来,引出讨论的那个原句,问题也正是在这里。 |
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