TA的每日心情 | 慵懒 2024-12-29 22:26 |
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签到天数: 1026 天 [LV.10]以坛为家III
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发表于 2018-3-29 18:46:42
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嗯,我和 @elusty 的看法是一样的——“那就成虚拟语气了”。
9 D+ ^1 g7 v! O; J5 a @6 C如果不把它理解成虚拟语气,我认为这个句子也完全说得通。我认为需要讨论一下 could 的用法。3 T2 R; H+ P# r( K8 L
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在这儿,could 纯粹地去表达“(used to say that something is possible or might happen)可以,可能”。! ^% w% Q9 u1 T2 d$ _( H. E: ~- Q
Most accidents in the home could be prevented. 大多数家庭意外事故都是可以避免的。[could 词条——《朗文 4》]& R$ t- [8 Z& f& V( }8 V
跟这句话:Most accidents in the home could have been prevented.
5 o) a; a* V0 j7 I$ _) ^我认为这两句话所表达意思上是相同的。
+ W! K% H8 i- A! ~2 U5 V/ \% y' t同样还是在 could 词条下,
) W, N8 A6 }1 x4 b% `6 MIf you're not careful, you could get into even worse trouble. 如果你不当心的话,可能会陷入更大的麻烦。
- @9 T: I( r0 l3 p当然,这句话是表达一个真实情形下的条件句。' R5 V5 ]8 j& q3 I
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could have done 一定是表达虚拟语气吗?7 V) G& f b7 l1 ]" K
Don't worry—they could have just forgotten to call. 别担心,他们可能只是忘了打电话。[could 词条——《牛津 7》]
3 a$ V/ ?+ x, o4 c2 j+ j同样,这儿也是推测过去的某种行动,来表示“可能”。
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Michael was a great boxer. He could have beaten all his opponents. This one is a bit incoherent. He had the skill to beat all his opponents, but he didn't beat them all or he didn't even have a chance to try. (It doesn't seem that he was so great.+ Z# }) t6 _8 M/ J) O& G( d
关于这句话,作者的意思是 He could have beaten all his opponents 这句话是 incoherent; ambiguous。为什么这样说?你可以试着先翻译一下这句话。
5 L2 z5 |/ ]# g2 o4 B, v作者说它表达的可能是:
* M x) X/ R5 S0 D, W2 x. B$ n他有能力打败他的所有对手,但是却没有全打败他们,又或是他甚至没有机会上场。那么怎么说是“一名优秀的拳击手”呢?这就是 incoherent 的地方。% I) e$ G* {) `. B/ h0 R3 ]$ f: |
而,如果直接写成 Michael was a great boxer. He could beat all his opponents. 那么它就等于... He was able to beat ... 又等于 He had the skill to beat ...$ V- p4 \/ k9 \1 b: W# h8 y2 L: X
当然,这上面有点扯远了,只是帮 elusty 解释一下。7 B* Z, p! Z1 a p! u/ U* W
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: J- L/ d3 o9 c另外,关于虚拟语气的争论其实有很多,《经济学人》先前就有一篇:3 n Y( a, H8 |$ v1 H! ?, }/ N1 D
Would that it were so simple | The strange tale of the subjunctive in English
3 N( t3 ~ M$ @$ L1 i这应该就是 elusty 所说的“过去虚拟最好少用,生活中这样用的少,甚至有人不主张这种虚拟,有点儿过时了”。 |
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