TA的每日心情 | 慵懒 2024-12-29 22:26 |
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签到天数: 1026 天 [LV.10]以坛为家III
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发表于 2018-3-29 18:46:42
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嗯,我和 @elusty 的看法是一样的——“那就成虚拟语气了”。# c1 S0 q* F* m; p! T2 S* }# i1 F
如果不把它理解成虚拟语气,我认为这个句子也完全说得通。我认为需要讨论一下 could 的用法。
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在这儿,could 纯粹地去表达“(used to say that something is possible or might happen)可以,可能”。
6 r1 \, o- C9 Q! c* t4 [$ [' qMost accidents in the home could be prevented. 大多数家庭意外事故都是可以避免的。[could 词条——《朗文 4》]1 u0 R0 r" r0 y" Q* W
跟这句话:Most accidents in the home could have been prevented.$ P; X1 \ F1 o7 o
我认为这两句话所表达意思上是相同的。( d% l$ @7 v/ _' I) J, L1 }
同样还是在 could 词条下,+ V, W: W7 S* y& @5 L, R5 T
If you're not careful, you could get into even worse trouble. 如果你不当心的话,可能会陷入更大的麻烦。- M4 A. D% g' t3 X" I
当然,这句话是表达一个真实情形下的条件句。7 d# j* L" f! @1 o+ j
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& I5 [" i0 _0 ~# j: pcould have done 一定是表达虚拟语气吗?% h9 N. p5 E* v2 h3 j
Don't worry—they could have just forgotten to call. 别担心,他们可能只是忘了打电话。[could 词条——《牛津 7》]
* h' J- S1 w& _$ }. M& C同样,这儿也是推测过去的某种行动,来表示“可能”。 B- i# W1 v" \8 U+ p
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x: J# @0 }8 e% S8 |, I8 {7 {" tMichael was a great boxer. He could have beaten all his opponents. This one is a bit incoherent. He had the skill to beat all his opponents, but he didn't beat them all or he didn't even have a chance to try. (It doesn't seem that he was so great.
6 G+ a* ~4 D2 g" [( l; s5 O关于这句话,作者的意思是 He could have beaten all his opponents 这句话是 incoherent; ambiguous。为什么这样说?你可以试着先翻译一下这句话。
2 D2 f6 Q& z6 |; }作者说它表达的可能是:5 j0 X8 B0 K. W/ ~
他有能力打败他的所有对手,但是却没有全打败他们,又或是他甚至没有机会上场。那么怎么说是“一名优秀的拳击手”呢?这就是 incoherent 的地方。+ ]1 G- x) |+ R! U# u* A% ^
而,如果直接写成 Michael was a great boxer. He could beat all his opponents. 那么它就等于... He was able to beat ... 又等于 He had the skill to beat ...8 t! b+ m+ v# L+ P5 B/ r
当然,这上面有点扯远了,只是帮 elusty 解释一下。; F/ ^% x1 q% u
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; S9 V* @" {5 e! z. c0 d1 J9 d另外,关于虚拟语气的争论其实有很多,《经济学人》先前就有一篇:
: c4 `/ S# j K- o4 X) fWould that it were so simple | The strange tale of the subjunctive in English
6 ]+ E9 f+ Y9 r" z$ f7 B. r4 T- U: s' F这应该就是 elusty 所说的“过去虚拟最好少用,生活中这样用的少,甚至有人不主张这种虚拟,有点儿过时了”。 |
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