关于动名词的一个用法不解

亲亲号

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4 x6 @& Y) |% o$ D+ u- @: |4 u动名词的形式有doing 和 having done，后者是完成式，用于发生在句子谓语动作之前的动作，
如That young man still denies having started the fire behind the store.
6 d2 o2 h) @$ H& S; F% e& l但由于start是短暂动词，这里如果只用现在分词的一般式也是正确的把？而且意义没有太大区别？
That young man still denies starting the fire behind the store.
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$ d7 `* O6 i- n5 b  Y9 q类似还有这些句子
I repented shooting/having shot the bird
- q! c) O0 A) X( {2 L; C* nThe man in the corner confessed to telling/having told a lie to the manager of the company.
The student denied cheating/having cheated on the exam.
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# r' d3 n* j  e9 ?2 a3 a请问这样理解是正确的么？


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nullname

个人认为，楼主这些例子里面的 having+pp 形式是从句简化导致的变形。
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4 w) d$ e9 f9 }$ u7 u即：That young man still denies having started the fire behind the store. 这句话跟动名词一点关系都没有。

5 s% b3 j2 i3 N6 Q$ @3 ?我觉得上句应是下句的简化：
That young man still denies that he had started the fire behind the store.

3 ?0 p/ n5 a, O4 Q; D( i$ z同理：
4 T: r6 b/ ^1 A* Q( J# S; O) G$ BI repented that I had shot the bird
4 q- y3 ?" o& |/ {: y简化为
- [% i* p% Z8 t! g; s, l4 jI repented having shot the bird

参考：语法俱乐部   旋元佑

pisgfa

两个句子都没问题，意思是一样的。having started 强调 放火发生在否认之前。
如果没有 supporting references 的话，推荐用 That young man still denies starting the fire behind the store. 更符合外国人习惯。
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2 C- {5 I) c% kThat young man denied that he had started the fire before sunrise.

That young man still denies having started the fire before sundown.

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williamshein

个人同意三楼的解释，having done和doing都是可以作为动名词使用，但是语言的简化是因为用了doing不会产生误解，照样理解，并且这样还更简单，所以才简化成这样，至于楼主提到的start的短暂性，这里我觉得其实根本不需要考虑，因为不管短暂还是延续性都是发生在过去的，用having done都是为了强调发生的时间的先后顺序。用一些的初中、高中的例句来解释：I am sorry for interrupting (或having interrupted） you./ I remember locking (having locked) the door. 理解起来都是一样的。