关于动名词的一个用法不解

亲亲号

8 s$ F  R' q6 f, j* |5 w( o动名词的形式有doing 和 having done，后者是完成式，用于发生在句子谓语动作之前的动作，
如That young man still denies having started the fire behind the store.
但由于start是短暂动词，这里如果只用现在分词的一般式也是正确的把？而且意义没有太大区别？
* }; A' X  [5 [; yThat young man still denies starting the fire behind the store.
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0 W! n- B* j# Y6 h& n类似还有这些句子
* ?6 A* \* S- g: II repented shooting/having shot the bird
The man in the corner confessed to telling/having told a lie to the manager of the company.
- [  I$ R% E# J' CThe student denied cheating/having cheated on the exam.
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# E5 \1 E3 r; ]请问这样理解是正确的么？

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nullname

个人认为，楼主这些例子里面的 having+pp 形式是从句简化导致的变形。
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6 u1 e# C4 I; s( u+ ?  `  P, i即：That young man still denies having started the fire behind the store. 这句话跟动名词一点关系都没有。
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. C/ f* r- u9 X) S1 K2 h我觉得上句应是下句的简化：
! C/ [1 j4 [  QThat young man still denies that he had started the fire behind the store.
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, D; C# n2 c! Q同理：
I repented that I had shot the bird
6 _: U& \: k5 @5 q& ]6 n* R, V5 l/ \5 [简化为
' E0 Z0 \& P" F$ `  m% y1 R0 FI repented having shot the bird

! B. b+ h8 {* \8 R/ K* d参考：语法俱乐部   旋元佑

pisgfa

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两个句子都没问题，意思是一样的。having started 强调 放火发生在否认之前。
如果没有 supporting references 的话，推荐用 That young man still denies starting the fire behind the store. 更符合外国人习惯。

& a( z) Q4 _! p& NThat young man denied that he had started the fire before sunrise.

That young man still denies having started the fire before sundown.
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williamshein

个人同意三楼的解释，having done和doing都是可以作为动名词使用，但是语言的简化是因为用了doing不会产生误解，照样理解，并且这样还更简单，所以才简化成这样，至于楼主提到的start的短暂性，这里我觉得其实根本不需要考虑，因为不管短暂还是延续性都是发生在过去的，用having done都是为了强调发生的时间的先后顺序。用一些的初中、高中的例句来解释：I am sorry for interrupting (或having interrupted） you./ I remember locking (having locked) the door. 理解起来都是一样的。