TA的每日心情 | 慵懒 2023-2-2 22:17 |
|---|
签到天数: 931 天 [LV.10]以坛为家III
|
本帖最后由 逆风的香 于 2019-4-12 10:47 编辑
& w% h: _3 f/ @2 k8 f. q, U: L% d/ x/ h+ T1 L$ @
这并不是一个吸睛的标题。% @3 i0 e$ w9 P' d" o: a
# [% ]0 H7 e' H: m* t
确实是有多部词典把histogram和bar chart弄混了,两个其实不同种类的图表。histogram是直方图,用来描述非离散变量(non-discrete variable)的分布情况,数据类型多为等比、等距的(如年龄、分数段);而bar chart是柱状图,用来描述的分类变量(categorical variable)的分布情况,数据类型多为称名(nominal)和顺序(ordinal)性质,如性别、国籍、名次等。最直观的区别是,直方图中长度不一的纵向条之间没有间隙,而柱状图的纵向条之间是有间隙的。(请看下图)
. J% c; E$ v3 P
2 m; \2 N+ e: \然而,很多原文词典里直接将histogram解释为等同于bar chart,如
5 s9 f2 u! ~: c. |8 A, T- sLongman5
7 E: y5 S) P/ b. `& |( h2 ?Histogram:A bar chart Oxford Advanced Learner's E-C dictionary8 ~& K( g; z- N* _% |. l ?) U5 `
: D; N, O5 Q2 A* T: i7 i6 X+ C xHistogram: bar chart Cambridge4
9 ?) k% h* j8 ^7 n0 `+ `) ]$ v$ ?. O3 h* F
Histogram: a bar chart 3 Y4 g1 X! i+ V9 b% h& j
有些原文词典解释不够精确,无法作出区分,如:* z* K4 Y& T: X5 u
Chambers13" m3 f/ B3 @$ f. K
* z% z H. J' w% i* \A statistical graph in which frequency distribution is shown by means of rectangles
$ w3 ~$ h$ N% y2 o, p/ r- `" d有些原文解释够精确,但中文翻译弄混了,如:
' A# B3 Z3 M3 x4 `2 ?8 Z) @9 j/ F牛高80 { t$ E1 Y4 r1 l
$ `( O, W K/ t
a diagram which uses rectangles (= bars) of different heights (and sometimes different widths) to show different amounts, so that they can be compared 条形图,柱形图(以不同长度的粗线条表示不同数量以作比较)
" D% O' t3 e# n0 c! W) h( ^➔ compare bar chart
; `( Z$ a# r$ a: O目前我手头的词典,只有新牛津、牛高8原文部分、麦克米伦原文词典、Merriam-Webster和OED2的解释比较好。列举部分:4 y" J* o9 X- D7 J0 W( {+ ]
Merriam-Webster2 ?/ I: X* v0 E
6 x. K3 B( A9 @: ?3 z
a representation of a frequency distribution by means of rectangles whose widths represent class intervals and whose areas are proportional to the corresponding frequencies 新牛津
, o0 H, B- p7 |! Y; r
% F; a. n2 N$ e! }. Y* ~<Statistics> a diagram consisting of rectangles whose area is proportional to the frequency of a variable and whose width is equal to the class interval.〔统计〕矩形图,直方图。 3 T8 w- t& d6 O; T- F
最后给出一张从Key differences网站上复制了一个对比表格,可以更清晰地看出二者的区别:
- [; _6 J8 b; B) A| Basis for Comparison | Histogram | Bar graph | | Meaning | Histogram refers to a graphical representation, that displays data by way of bars to show the frequency of numerical data. | Bar graph is a pictorial representation of data that uses bars to compare different categories of data. | | Indicates | Distribution of non-discrete variables | Comparison of discrete variables | | Presents | Quantitative data | Categorical data | | Spaces | Bars touch each other, hence there are no spaces between bars | Bars do not touch each other, hence there are spaces between bars. | | Elements | Elements are grouped together, so that they are considered as ranges. | Elements are taken as individual entities. ; c1 r3 ]* u0 {6 O6 P
| | Can bars be reordered? | No | Yes | | Width of bars | Need not to be same | Same9 ^' r0 R7 Y- M6 U0 _% T$ }
| (表格来源:Key differences)
" U; k0 q# g7 b( z
, r5 }& Z1 w; U7 y' V" M+ J! x8 k8 m: o
|
本帖子中包含更多资源
您需要 登录 才可以下载或查看,没有账号?免费注册
x
评分
-
2
查看全部评分
-
|