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发表于 2019-4-25 09:40:29
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本帖最后由 klwo2 于 2019-4-25 09:46 编辑
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: Q3 Z" u# m: u6 O楼主的问题问得很好，我来解释一下。7 s. |; d! h+ }3 A$ g3 h {
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为什么一般的语法书都藏着掖着，不告诉你不定式和动名词在某些环境下有什么本质区别？% Q$ {+ ]1 B" b1 l/ d' J
& |1 J% L* M9 R# L7 d答：因为【不定式】 （Infinitive）在很多印欧语言里面都有，要找到一个通用的解释框架不容易。请看喂鸡百科：
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' f) p# n0 w$ M: SInfinitive (abbreviated inf) is a grammatical term referring to certain verb forms existing in many languages, most often used as non-finite verbs. As with many linguistic concepts, there is not a single definition applicable to all languages.
定义都不好下，怎么解释啊？只能说些各种语言都大致相同的地方了。/ e' f3 v1 a* m* ?
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有人讲，我就要明白英语的不定式。那也行，找一个野路子让你歪打正着学会了英语的不定式，结果你学了别的语言，发现套用不了，打架了，之前帮你学会英语的【野路子】成了学其他语言的【拦路虎】，这怎么行。( J9 T! Q P+ [) D+ Z" n
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【动名词】（Gerund）有类似的问题，咱不说别的，咱看看这段：
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Thus, English grammar uses gerund to mean an -ing form used in non-finite clauses such as playing on computers. This is not a normal use for a Latin gerund. Moreover, the clause may function within a sentence as subject or object, which is impossible for a Latin gerund.
' H4 y1 s4 Z+ F o% r大家都知道，很多欧洲语言的语法都是比照着拉丁语法弄出来的，拉丁语法是妈。结果，英语里面的动名词可以做主语、宾语，拉丁语竟然不行？？？2 q! n9 b! P* n" m- D( `
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所以不藏着掖着怎么办呢？喂鸡百科告诉我们，现在有的语法干脆也不区分什么动名词和分词了，直接叫ing形式了：. q) C. d4 v% k4 s' i/ d9 ^
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Traditional grammar makes a distinction within -ing forms between present participles and gerunds, a distinction that is not observed in such modern, linguistically informed grammars as A Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language and The Cambridge Grammar of the English Language.
8 A2 ]' @% O- F( King形式，这话是描述长相的，简直跟汉语里面说【把字句】【被字句】差不多了。
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0 R6 ]4 p8 V5 {( c8 h所以楼主明白为什么好些语法语焉不详了吧，因为这不只是解释英语现象一个坑，这是要解释印欧语言里面所有对应现象呀！* q/ d4 I& c! y6 F' `% e
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楼主
！！！