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[学习讨论] 张道真编《现代英语用法词典》阅读体会

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  • TA的每日心情
    开心
    2025-1-6 06:04
  • 签到天数: 944 天

    [LV.10]以坛为家III

    发表于 2021-2-19 07:02:32 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
    作者在序言里说:“这书如何使用,不同人可作不同考虑......一般来说,通读一遍是有好处的,虽然不可能都记住,但可以留下较深印象,以后查考比较方便,在运用语言时可比较自觉。阅读时不宜象看小说一样一溜而过,最好是细嚼慢咽不抢速度。如果可能的话,还可把某些例句译为汉语进行对比。要发展听说及写作能力的人,最好做些记忆工作,以加深印象......”我就照他说的,通读了一遍。这套书共5本,5000多页,如果真象他说的那样“细嚼慢咽不抢速度”,恐怕要好几年才能读完。我没那个耐心,只是走马观花“一溜而过”,即使是这样,还是花了将近两星期才读完。是否留下“较深印象”不敢说,倒是有些体会值得一说。
    / m1 c6 v6 \5 G2 C/ N这本词典最大的特色就是例句多。例句对于理解词汇的确切含义和用法确实有很大帮助。记得我对common和ordinary,accurate和precise的区别,就完全是通过研读多条例句而理解的。但是光有例句也不行,总还要先知道词的释义。这本辞典的释义用的是中文,对于某些名词,中文释义简明扼要,比英文释义方便,但是对于动词和形容词就不好说了。
    " c9 K# `# M" m- o! G中文和英文几乎完全对应的例子不是没有,比如:
    0 ~' W' S0 @1 d命悬一线When he was ill, his life hung by a thread.
    - j' V+ @. @9 u8 z$ O这就是几乎完全对应,用中文释义并不影响理解。
    : D4 X( J8 _# w7 C+ `: X2 m但这样的例子毕竟是少数。比如论持久战on protracted war,这个protract如果光从中文释义来理解,恐怕就不够precise了。这时候就要查英语释义了,比如韦氏的解释是to prolong in time or space : CONTINUE。
    1 s7 `' ~- N( G/ w2 k这个解释应该既accurate又precise了吧,但看了这个释义,或者背熟了这个释义甚至连同例句,你就真的理解了,能用了?我是还感觉似懂非懂的。/ I2 s3 m4 v, L1 H+ J! w
    问题出在哪里?就是没有“感觉”。回想学习汉语的经验,那些词汇是怎么掌握的?最初或许是在课本上学到的,似懂非懂,然后在练习中,考试中用到,即使做对了,但自己写文章,仍然没有把握用。一直要到某天在某本书上看到一个例句,严格说是在某个段落,某个故事,总之是比句子更大的context里看到这个词,忽然“有感觉”了,从此,才算真正理解,并能运用了。
    # D% W& P; `& A/ S! o9 x所以我觉得学活用词汇,光是中文释义不够,加上英文释义,也不够,加上例句,也不够,需要更大的context,争取接触多了,在某个context中忽然获得了“感觉”,这才能掌握。& j) y) h# D1 B& h& L+ j
    先说这些,有机会再写。
  • TA的每日心情
    擦汗
    2023-4-15 20:28
  • 签到天数: 1264 天

    [LV.10]以坛为家III

    发表于 2021-2-19 12:01:47 | 显示全部楼层
    为啥我看到的只有一本1000多页的?哪里来的五本?

    该用户从未签到

    发表于 2021-2-21 08:53:07 | 显示全部楼层
    I recommend a more ... practical way of practicing your English. & p0 H1 q/ R0 w! q6 f) i7 `1 p
    / Y: t, ]' a# k) D
    Write whatever you want to say in English. Be it your feelings about relationship with your boy/girlfriend, your regret about a mistake you made, or in this case, your review of a book that you think is worth the time.
    # z/ R6 F9 x, [, o$ E) [* z
    ( `0 Z. N6 g. M6 ?. P9 kTry it, and you'll enjoy it.
    : e4 l6 r2 U0 s2 A+ z# {1 O4 N0 {. a
    Pan.
  • TA的每日心情
    开心
    2023-9-14 16:29
  • 签到天数: 85 天

    [LV.6]常住居民II

    发表于 2021-2-21 15:32:11 | 显示全部楼层
    1209991128 发表于 2021-2-19 12:01+ N7 @/ w, A* L/ M: ~
    为啥我看到的只有一本1000多页的?哪里来的五本?

    / E  c) P6 C2 e4 e老版的是5本
  • TA的每日心情
    擦汗
    2023-4-15 20:28
  • 签到天数: 1264 天

    [LV.10]以坛为家III

    发表于 2021-2-21 16:35:11 | 显示全部楼层
    218218 发表于 2021-2-21 15:321 N# e2 y; d- Q  w
    老版的是5本
    , U( A, Y( _4 V4 j8 f! T
    新版好像只有英文例句,没有中文译文?
  • TA的每日心情
    慵懒
    2021-3-14 00:55
  • 签到天数: 9 天

    [LV.3]偶尔看看II

    发表于 2021-2-24 02:40:46 | 显示全部楼层
    新版好像只有英文例句,没有中文译文?

    该用户从未签到

    发表于 2021-2-27 15:07:46 | 显示全部楼层
    有没有电子版的?张道真也是海归一枚,那个年代的学者,治学普遍很严谨,应该还是靠谱的
  • TA的每日心情
    开心
    2025-1-6 06:04
  • 签到天数: 944 天

    [LV.10]以坛为家III

     楼主| 发表于 2021-2-28 22:23:56 | 显示全部楼层
    本帖最后由 badnumber 于 2021-3-1 00:05 编辑 4 A+ `  d- i- i* v) }' O8 @
    pan 发表于 2021-2-21 08:53
    ! y% O( z& W' c/ z$ hI recommend a more ... practical way of practicing your English. 1 n' |$ g2 t7 L8 v

    ' q% i6 P& p/ R  J) VWrite whatever you want to say in ...

    - F2 W" w2 u1 M# E- P! |5 F, j* K  E2 c6 G/ `1 J$ @  n
    Thank you for your comment. "Once upon a time", I kept a short diary every day for around half a year. But it didn't seem to significantly improve my written English. Later I found out it's because my vocabulary, not words that I can only recognize but words that I can use in speaking and writing, was still limited. So writing practice alone is not enough to improve my writing. That's why I attempted to enlarge my "working" vocabulary in a couple of ways, including reading word usage dictionaries. But it didn't seem to work. Now I'm exploring more ways.
  • TA的每日心情
    开心
    2025-1-6 06:04
  • 签到天数: 944 天

    [LV.10]以坛为家III

     楼主| 发表于 2021-2-28 22:24:41 | 显示全部楼层
    littlebush123 发表于 2021-2-27 15:07
    ( J( J1 p, i; j5 X' D有没有电子版的?张道真也是海归一枚,那个年代的学者,治学普遍很严谨,应该还是靠谱的 ...
    5 u' B+ O- K" I
    论坛里有扫描版(重排本,5000多页缩印为1700多页)

    该用户从未签到

    发表于 2021-3-1 08:50:53 | 显示全部楼层
    badnumber 发表于 2021-2-28 22:235 F4 @% [, K" o" H( e' b
    Thank you for your comment. "Once upon a time", I kept a short diary every day for around half a y ...
    7 ?" p5 u1 J0 k2 N4 }: I8 D
    Hi Badnumber, - g$ r5 N" c- i8 t& G8 H
    ' J4 `) y' q: J- U, j" K7 Q
    It's a nice surprise to receive a message that is written in English here. I had decided not to participate in any discussions, but your message made me change my mind. % `/ s1 ?& s- L+ M2 W! U
    8 j$ U/ t- H1 V3 f: K( G
    In my previous message I meant to point out that one has to keep using what he learns in everyday communications; that's how we keep the language fresh and alive. By "using the language" I referred to chatting with others, by way of voice chatting or "thumbs-chatting", and by writing on a forum such as this one. It's different from reading and hearing all by yourself. I am not saying reading and listening is not important; it's just that you still have to strike a balance between "inhaling" and "exhaling". 2 I! [7 U% S4 E& u. ~

    2 y- W& V0 P' i0 Y) dThat explains for your frustration about keeping a diary-writing habit not being the most helpful way. Writing a diary is still helpful, actually, but that is hardly better than a monologue, a soliloquy; you're your own audience. Therefore, the solution to that issue is staring us in the face: talk to or write to someone, rather than yourself, someone who can talk you back or write you back, preferrably a native English speaker. Go as deep into the subject as your English would allow. You will practice what you have learned, and will pick up new expressions along the way.
    9 {0 n0 G# L. C; }( s" P& u
    2 V# m- o# g1 @4 [& k8 XAnyway, it's my humble learning experience talking. It has worked for me like a charm, and I hope you'll find it helpful, too.
    * N% y, N& |2 j6 p# o& A" j% ]7 i* @. i5 G! W
    Pan.
  • TA的每日心情
    开心
    2025-1-6 06:04
  • 签到天数: 944 天

    [LV.10]以坛为家III

     楼主| 发表于 2021-3-1 09:54:30 | 显示全部楼层
    pan 发表于 2021-3-1 08:506 R: B9 N/ @% h, b2 `; h$ K
    Hi Badnumber, $ n7 o& N! s" C( q1 A* g3 F4 h
    8 Z4 `2 X& e0 @+ U. Y+ G$ D: F$ z
    It's a nice surprise to receive a message that is written in English here. I had d ...
    & r: i- A# P, O" I7 U
    I think you have a point in the importance of communicating with others in English rather than a monologue.
    ( a" A1 ~, x- B; |& J, NActually I have to use English in my daily work and I think my English is sufficient to deal with the routines. But I know my English is just a bit above the elementary level and would like to make it better, not for materialistic purpose but just for kind of self-satisfaction. Or I may say that I don't quite like English, but after all I did spend a lot of time learning that, which somehow ties me with English.

    该用户从未签到

    发表于 2021-3-1 12:47:13 | 显示全部楼层
    Well, from the way you delve so deep in those heavy tomes, I'd say you seem to have a passion in English. ( z1 G, C4 d6 B; x
    8 ?8 l" v% j) C/ w7 r
    I can say unabashedly that I love the language, but I balk at the idea of poring over such books. :D
    6 q7 {9 y; [) b+ r' ]$ N. u% l& W0 D# ^8 }# N0 q8 f8 e
    Anyway, whatever tickles your fancy. / F( i! Q: Y* _0 ]" b, B1 B$ d$ F! l

    + l6 i, y) C+ ?Pan.
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