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[学习讨论] 张道真编《现代英语用法词典》阅读体会

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  • TA的每日心情
    开心
    2025-1-6 06:04
  • 签到天数: 944 天

    [LV.10]以坛为家III

    发表于 2021-2-19 07:02:32 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
    作者在序言里说:“这书如何使用,不同人可作不同考虑......一般来说,通读一遍是有好处的,虽然不可能都记住,但可以留下较深印象,以后查考比较方便,在运用语言时可比较自觉。阅读时不宜象看小说一样一溜而过,最好是细嚼慢咽不抢速度。如果可能的话,还可把某些例句译为汉语进行对比。要发展听说及写作能力的人,最好做些记忆工作,以加深印象......”我就照他说的,通读了一遍。这套书共5本,5000多页,如果真象他说的那样“细嚼慢咽不抢速度”,恐怕要好几年才能读完。我没那个耐心,只是走马观花“一溜而过”,即使是这样,还是花了将近两星期才读完。是否留下“较深印象”不敢说,倒是有些体会值得一说。3 Y3 j, I) z6 Y5 Q
    这本词典最大的特色就是例句多。例句对于理解词汇的确切含义和用法确实有很大帮助。记得我对common和ordinary,accurate和precise的区别,就完全是通过研读多条例句而理解的。但是光有例句也不行,总还要先知道词的释义。这本辞典的释义用的是中文,对于某些名词,中文释义简明扼要,比英文释义方便,但是对于动词和形容词就不好说了。
    ! b# ?6 o* V2 ?( O" j& s: q+ A中文和英文几乎完全对应的例子不是没有,比如:" A. ]9 _, G, b: c: H1 n" {5 J
    命悬一线When he was ill, his life hung by a thread.
      B  F/ K8 q1 k# ]: I; ], M这就是几乎完全对应,用中文释义并不影响理解。
    % {! N8 [# e  P  {' C/ ]0 Y4 q但这样的例子毕竟是少数。比如论持久战on protracted war,这个protract如果光从中文释义来理解,恐怕就不够precise了。这时候就要查英语释义了,比如韦氏的解释是to prolong in time or space : CONTINUE。0 m* |: v# ?# {7 C4 _4 l4 a% T
    这个解释应该既accurate又precise了吧,但看了这个释义,或者背熟了这个释义甚至连同例句,你就真的理解了,能用了?我是还感觉似懂非懂的。5 I; a# `0 x& i" {1 [
    问题出在哪里?就是没有“感觉”。回想学习汉语的经验,那些词汇是怎么掌握的?最初或许是在课本上学到的,似懂非懂,然后在练习中,考试中用到,即使做对了,但自己写文章,仍然没有把握用。一直要到某天在某本书上看到一个例句,严格说是在某个段落,某个故事,总之是比句子更大的context里看到这个词,忽然“有感觉”了,从此,才算真正理解,并能运用了。
    * j% W& _. K+ i' `# d) M) K- g& A所以我觉得学活用词汇,光是中文释义不够,加上英文释义,也不够,加上例句,也不够,需要更大的context,争取接触多了,在某个context中忽然获得了“感觉”,这才能掌握。
    $ d. y8 P0 U/ A3 D! b先说这些,有机会再写。
  • TA的每日心情
    擦汗
    2023-4-15 20:28
  • 签到天数: 1264 天

    [LV.10]以坛为家III

    发表于 2021-2-19 12:01:47 | 显示全部楼层
    为啥我看到的只有一本1000多页的?哪里来的五本?

    该用户从未签到

    发表于 2021-2-21 08:53:07 | 显示全部楼层
    I recommend a more ... practical way of practicing your English.
    4 ]! h4 `; L: y# {/ n
    8 E! x8 }+ Z( w! t5 E. }Write whatever you want to say in English. Be it your feelings about relationship with your boy/girlfriend, your regret about a mistake you made, or in this case, your review of a book that you think is worth the time. + o% x' v- X8 h6 {9 J; L

    ) E+ D9 u0 ~% S' I" u' C# aTry it, and you'll enjoy it. ' V) U5 F1 }4 E

      p. p- R) z6 T+ X" b9 OPan.
  • TA的每日心情
    开心
    2023-9-14 16:29
  • 签到天数: 85 天

    [LV.6]常住居民II

    发表于 2021-2-21 15:32:11 | 显示全部楼层
    1209991128 发表于 2021-2-19 12:01/ L) e: o6 e3 x
    为啥我看到的只有一本1000多页的?哪里来的五本?
    9 Y$ y* o/ I8 F( i. y/ s6 V$ [
    老版的是5本
  • TA的每日心情
    擦汗
    2023-4-15 20:28
  • 签到天数: 1264 天

    [LV.10]以坛为家III

    发表于 2021-2-21 16:35:11 | 显示全部楼层
    218218 发表于 2021-2-21 15:32/ U( I! Z7 s. J5 {* O; Q
    老版的是5本

    % r& ?/ N4 i  }0 D( `2 D新版好像只有英文例句,没有中文译文?
  • TA的每日心情
    慵懒
    2021-3-14 00:55
  • 签到天数: 9 天

    [LV.3]偶尔看看II

    发表于 2021-2-24 02:40:46 | 显示全部楼层
    新版好像只有英文例句,没有中文译文?

    该用户从未签到

    发表于 2021-2-27 15:07:46 | 显示全部楼层
    有没有电子版的?张道真也是海归一枚,那个年代的学者,治学普遍很严谨,应该还是靠谱的
  • TA的每日心情
    开心
    2025-1-6 06:04
  • 签到天数: 944 天

    [LV.10]以坛为家III

     楼主| 发表于 2021-2-28 22:23:56 | 显示全部楼层
    本帖最后由 badnumber 于 2021-3-1 00:05 编辑
    " r7 a: ?# V! M. r: B9 U  `. z( e
    pan 发表于 2021-2-21 08:53  P( s' O: Q  J- p
    I recommend a more ... practical way of practicing your English.
    - A1 N# \- K! [/ m2 y) j; s8 k
    ; ~3 }% F- ~; r4 U- GWrite whatever you want to say in ...

    0 H! c" J! l* J
    * z: ?/ s+ a# P* rThank you for your comment. "Once upon a time", I kept a short diary every day for around half a year. But it didn't seem to significantly improve my written English. Later I found out it's because my vocabulary, not words that I can only recognize but words that I can use in speaking and writing, was still limited. So writing practice alone is not enough to improve my writing. That's why I attempted to enlarge my "working" vocabulary in a couple of ways, including reading word usage dictionaries. But it didn't seem to work. Now I'm exploring more ways.
  • TA的每日心情
    开心
    2025-1-6 06:04
  • 签到天数: 944 天

    [LV.10]以坛为家III

     楼主| 发表于 2021-2-28 22:24:41 | 显示全部楼层
    littlebush123 发表于 2021-2-27 15:07! c8 N* V% V7 Y# [2 ]. d: T
    有没有电子版的?张道真也是海归一枚,那个年代的学者,治学普遍很严谨,应该还是靠谱的 ...
    6 R7 C- A- M. Z' c3 k
    论坛里有扫描版(重排本,5000多页缩印为1700多页)

    该用户从未签到

    发表于 2021-3-1 08:50:53 | 显示全部楼层
    badnumber 发表于 2021-2-28 22:232 V' `# F1 J# w1 Z
    Thank you for your comment. "Once upon a time", I kept a short diary every day for around half a y ...
      P" r+ B$ {. K& K" j3 F! g
    Hi Badnumber, 4 N5 w" b. s1 w8 y- N

    - _1 C1 m, m) x" PIt's a nice surprise to receive a message that is written in English here. I had decided not to participate in any discussions, but your message made me change my mind.
    ; t0 ~1 W6 D% A
    0 @# S/ o$ a1 ~' f5 H/ dIn my previous message I meant to point out that one has to keep using what he learns in everyday communications; that's how we keep the language fresh and alive. By "using the language" I referred to chatting with others, by way of voice chatting or "thumbs-chatting", and by writing on a forum such as this one. It's different from reading and hearing all by yourself. I am not saying reading and listening is not important; it's just that you still have to strike a balance between "inhaling" and "exhaling". , r/ Z- W4 |! V+ f# F- T* E  _  P

    : p3 u' A- n( q( o: G0 f7 EThat explains for your frustration about keeping a diary-writing habit not being the most helpful way. Writing a diary is still helpful, actually, but that is hardly better than a monologue, a soliloquy; you're your own audience. Therefore, the solution to that issue is staring us in the face: talk to or write to someone, rather than yourself, someone who can talk you back or write you back, preferrably a native English speaker. Go as deep into the subject as your English would allow. You will practice what you have learned, and will pick up new expressions along the way. 2 i( f! i! {# [3 W. b
    ( ?5 _* w# t+ k
    Anyway, it's my humble learning experience talking. It has worked for me like a charm, and I hope you'll find it helpful, too.
    ) T$ z( j* m  N7 d5 v! U5 X$ X
    * J) v7 H- q. }1 j2 K0 OPan.
  • TA的每日心情
    开心
    2025-1-6 06:04
  • 签到天数: 944 天

    [LV.10]以坛为家III

     楼主| 发表于 2021-3-1 09:54:30 | 显示全部楼层
    pan 发表于 2021-3-1 08:50" B: l' {% [* X$ w; l% E% g
    Hi Badnumber,
    ) a' a! Y. V6 c" h( X0 O1 X% d/ K' ?' V8 f) n. b4 o' J
    It's a nice surprise to receive a message that is written in English here. I had d ...

    7 J2 P; @2 z+ y5 HI think you have a point in the importance of communicating with others in English rather than a monologue.7 ~: v' s+ A6 ?8 ~0 r
    Actually I have to use English in my daily work and I think my English is sufficient to deal with the routines. But I know my English is just a bit above the elementary level and would like to make it better, not for materialistic purpose but just for kind of self-satisfaction. Or I may say that I don't quite like English, but after all I did spend a lot of time learning that, which somehow ties me with English.

    该用户从未签到

    发表于 2021-3-1 12:47:13 | 显示全部楼层
    Well, from the way you delve so deep in those heavy tomes, I'd say you seem to have a passion in English.
    % e6 w8 {: }9 Z  U  j1 G% Q9 k5 J: e! T, a9 j
    I can say unabashedly that I love the language, but I balk at the idea of poring over such books. :D & M! w. o8 k& c3 Y- E/ x) E! \

    , b& n5 a+ S+ U: l# v. A6 A  f1 ?* QAnyway, whatever tickles your fancy.
      |  B) e" k6 k8 b3 L0 J; @- r" k: d. m* Y# J
    Pan.
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