) J1 r$ I; V2 z0 u9 U例如,Then John told Mary he'd been carrying a torch for her (all those years). 4 }1 t* ?' X) [3 \6 L% m " F) u6 m8 b# a0 a. o+ N' j这句话包含着这样的意思: 约翰但是就是那么说的,不管他说的是真话还是假话,也不管他后来有没有说过意思相反的话,等等。即使他说的是事实,而且后来还是一直单恋着他,似乎也不宜该用一般现在时。+ Y5 i* K2 _1 F; B% B. j5 @$ r4 x# _
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Then Grandpa told me that the Sun was/is far bigger than the Moon. 用过去时意思是,不管他爷爷说的对不对,反正他当时就是那么说的,只是一个客观的陈述。用一般现在时,就同时包含着作者(目前)的态度,表示他爷爷告诉他的是一个客观情况、一个公认的真理性的事实。% K7 ^3 f! v, T
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没明白为啥别的从句就不存在时态一致的问题。比如说条件从句: " z6 i+ V! c9 E1 a+ Q# GIf you had been there, your would have known...% ?$ H; Y; ]" H/ k- s
If you have been there, you will know...3 _+ `( f% `1 \ j: e" [
意思就有区别,因为时间参照点不同。; I# c( [8 m6 O; T2 Y
同样,下面这两句原因条件从句意义也不同: 8 @7 A7 p. v& Q \/ N) OThey went to the party because they were invited. % j/ _; C7 k+ v2 _; yI'm going to the party because I'm invited.